A Rare Presentation of Urethral Duplication in Conjunction With Anorectal Malformation Observed in a Male Infant.

Anorectal malformation (ARM) refers to a group of congenital anomalies that affect the anus, rectum, and sometimes the urinary and reproductive tracts. A full-term male newborn was diagnosed with ARM and rectoperineal (scrotal) fistula during a first clinical screening examination at birth. He also had urethral duplication on the micturating cystourethrogram (MCUG) scan performed on Day 2 of life. The child underwent transverse colostomy at 24 h of life and corrective surgery (posterior sagittal anorectoplasty and urethroplasty) at 6 months of life, followed by colostomy closure after 3 months. This case highlights the importance of the first newborn clinical screening examination to rule out major congenital malformation and the thorough evaluation for associated urogenital defects in the case of ARM before definitive corrective surgeries for better clinical outcomes.