Munabi Ian G, Kamulegeya Adriane, Kalanzi Dunstan, Kateete David P, Semitala Fred Collins, Mwesigwa Catherine-Lutalo, Kalungi Samuel, Cameron Jennifer E, Divaris Kimon, Buwembo William
Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala.
School of Dentistry, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala.
Res Sq. 2025 Apr 21:rs.3.rs-5594024. doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5594024/v1.
Little is known about the prevalence of Oral Human Papilloma Virus (OHPV) in people living with HIV (PLWHIV) in the East African region. The objective of this study was to document the prevalence and types OHPV infection in a large cohort of PLWHIV attending an urban HIV clinic in Eastern Africa.
This was a cross-sectional study among 1,715 participants of the Makerere University Joint AIDS Program clinic, located in Kampala, Uganda, in East Africa. A salivary sample was collected from which DNA was extracted and subjected to a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) based typing. Data analysis was carried out among participants with complete data (n = 1,243) and relied on descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages), bivariate testing and multivariate regression modeling, using a conventional p < 0.05 statistical significance threshold.
Participants had a mean age of 45 (SD = 10) years, most (69%) were female, and 67% were HPV positive. There was no association between participants' age or gender and the likelihood of them being diagnosed with HPV infection in this study. HPV type 45 was the most frequently (16%) identified HPV, while HPV type 18 (5%) and HPV type 16 (2.3%) were less frequently identified. Most of the HPV positive samples had more than one HPV type detected.
This study highlights the high prevalence of OHPV among PLWHIV, with HPV type 45 being the most frequently detected type, and smaller frequencies of vaccine targeted HPV 16 and HPV 18. Our findings highlight the need for continued surveillance and typing of circulating OHPV strains, particularly among PLWHIV, to inform evidence-based preventive strategies.
在东非地区，人们对感染艾滋病毒者（PLWHIV）口腔人乳头瘤病毒（OHPV）的流行情况知之甚少。本研究的目的是记录在东非一家城市艾滋病毒诊所就诊的大量PLWHIV队列中OHPV感染的患病率和类型。
这是一项横断面研究，研究对象为位于东非乌干达坎帕拉的马凯雷雷大学联合艾滋病项目诊所的1715名参与者。收集唾液样本，从中提取DNA并进行基于聚合酶链反应（PCR）的分型。对具有完整数据的参与者（n = 1243）进行数据分析，采用描述性统计（频率、百分比）、双变量检验和多变量回归建模，使用传统的p < 0.05统计显著性阈值。
参与者的平均年龄为45岁（标准差 = 10），大多数（69%）为女性,67%的人HPV呈阳性。在本研究中，参与者的年龄或性别与他们被诊断为HPV感染的可能性之间没有关联。45型HPV是最常被鉴定出的HPV（16%），而18型HPV（5%）和16型HPV（2.3%）的鉴定频率较低。大多数HPV阳性样本检测到不止一种HPV类型。
本研究强调了PLWHIV中OHPV的高患病率，45型HPV是最常检测到的类型，而疫苗针对的16型和18型HPV的频率较低。我们的研究结果强调需要持续监测和分型循环中的OHPV毒株，特别是在PLWHIV中，以便为基于证据的预防策略提供依据。
