Zhang Mengtong, Xiong Wengieng, Qiao Ruohan, Li Minhan, Zhang Chuhan, Yang Chi, Zhu Yan, He Jiaying, Ma Zhigui
Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.
Front Physiol. 2025 Apr 17;16:1570157. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2025.1570157. eCollection 2025.
Osteoarthritis, a progressive and degenerative joint disease, disrupts the integrity of the entire joint structure, underscoring the urgency of identifying more effective therapeutic strategies and innovative targets. Among these, exercise therapy is considered a key component in the early management of osteoarthritis, functioning by stimulating the secretion of myokines from the skeletal muscle system. Irisin, a myokine predominantly secreted by skeletal muscle during exercise and encoded by the FNDC5 gene, has garnered attention for its regulatory effects on bone health. Emerging evidence suggests that irisin may play a protective role in osteoarthritis by promoting tissue homeostasis, enhancing subchondral bone density and microstructure, and inhibiting chondrocyte apoptosis. By improving chondrocyte viability, preserving extracellular matrix integrity, and maintaining homeostasis in osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes, irisin emerges as a promising therapeutic target for osteoarthritis. This review delves into the role of irisin in osteoarthritis pathogenesis, highlighting its influence on cartilage and bone metabolism as well as its dynamic relationship with exercise. Additionally, this review suggests that further exploration on its specific molecular mechanisms, optimization of drug delivery systems, and strategic utilization of exercise-induced benefits will be pivotal in unlocking the full potential of irisin as a novel intervention for osteoarthritis.
骨关节炎是一种进行性退行性关节疾病，会破坏整个关节结构的完整性，凸显了确定更有效治疗策略和创新靶点的紧迫性。其中，运动疗法被认为是骨关节炎早期管理的关键组成部分，其作用机制是刺激骨骼肌系统分泌肌动蛋白。鸢尾素是一种主要在运动期间由骨骼肌分泌、由FNDC5基因编码的肌动蛋白，因其对骨骼健康的调节作用而受到关注。新出现的证据表明，鸢尾素可能通过促进组织稳态、提高软骨下骨密度和微观结构以及抑制软骨细胞凋亡，在骨关节炎中发挥保护作用。通过提高软骨细胞活力、保持细胞外基质完整性以及维持成骨细胞、破骨细胞和骨细胞的稳态，鸢尾素成为骨关节炎一个有前景的治疗靶点。这篇综述深入探讨了鸢尾素在骨关节炎发病机制中的作用，强调了其对软骨和骨代谢的影响以及与运动的动态关系。此外，这篇综述表明，进一步探索其具体分子机制、优化药物递送系统以及战略性利用运动带来的益处，对于充分发挥鸢尾素作为骨关节炎新型干预手段的潜力至关重要。
