Hu Yanxia, Tuo Biguang
Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China.
Int J Mol Med. 2025 Jun;55(6). doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2025.5540. Epub 2025 May 2.
Cation channels have been extensively studied in the context of digestive disorders, but comparatively little attention has been given to anions and their associated channels. Chloride ions, the most abundant anions in the human body, act as signaling molecules, modulating cellular behavior and playing a key role in regulating multiorgan physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms. The intra‑ and extracellular distributions of chloride ions are primarily controlled by various chloride channels and transporters. Currently, these chloride channels are classified into several groups: The chloride channels family, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, calcium‑activated chloride channels, volume‑regulated anion channels, proton‑activated chloride channels and ligand‑gated anion channels. This review aims to summarize the roles of chloride ion channels and transporter proteins in digestive system diseases, providing a theoretical basis for future research and offering potential new strategies for disease treatment.
阳离子通道在消化系统疾病背景下已得到广泛研究，但阴离子及其相关通道相对较少受到关注。氯离子是人体中最丰富的阴离子，作为信号分子，调节细胞行为，并在调节多器官生理和病理生理机制中发挥关键作用。氯离子的细胞内和细胞外分布主要由各种氯离子通道和转运体控制。目前，这些氯离子通道分为几组：氯离子通道家族、囊性纤维化跨膜传导调节因子、钙激活氯离子通道、容积调节性阴离子通道、质子激活氯离子通道和配体门控阴离子通道。本综述旨在总结氯离子通道和转运蛋白在消化系统疾病中的作用，为未来研究提供理论基础，并为疾病治疗提供潜在的新策略。
