肠道微生物群与肝细胞癌：代谢产物与免疫治疗调节

Gut Microbiota and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Metabolic Products and Immunotherapy Modulation.

作者信息

Xiao Kunmin, Li Kexin, Xiao Kunlin, Yang Jinzu, Zhou Lei

机构信息

Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China.

出版信息

Cancer Med. 2025 May;14(9):e70914. doi: 10.1002/cam4.70914.

DOI:10.1002/cam4.70914

PMID:40314129

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12046294/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The relationship between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and gut microbiota has gained attention for its impact on HCC immunotherapy.

METHODS

Key gut microbial metabolites, including bile acids, toll-like receptor 4, short-chain fatty acids, and bacterial toxins, contribute to HCC progression and influence immune responses through the gut-liver axis. As immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) become common in HCC treatment, modulating the gut microbiota offers new strategies to enhance ICIs efficacy. However, individual differences in microbial composition introduce challenges, with some HCC patients showing resistance to ICIs.

RESULTS

This review summarizes the latest findings on the role of gut microbiota in HCC and explores emerging therapeutic approaches, including fecal microbiota transplantation, probiotics, antibiotics, and natural compounds.

CONCLUSIONS

The focus is on translating these insights into personalized medicine to optimize ICIs responses and improve HCC treatment outcomes.

摘要

背景

肝细胞癌（HCC）与肠道微生物群之间的关系因其对HCC免疫治疗的影响而受到关注。

方法

关键的肠道微生物代谢产物，包括胆汁酸、Toll样受体4、短链脂肪酸和细菌毒素，通过肠-肝轴促进HCC进展并影响免疫反应。随着免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs）在HCC治疗中变得普遍，调节肠道微生物群提供了增强ICIs疗效的新策略。然而，微生物组成的个体差异带来了挑战，一些HCC患者对ICIs表现出耐药性。