Fayed Hayat, Elgendy Asmaa A, Shoulah Salma A, Moustafa Samar M, Maher Ahmed, Hikal Ahmed F, Abdeen Ahmed, Elmorsy Ekramy, Mohamed Mohamed E, Hetta Helal F, Elbaghdady Heba Allah, Mustari Afrina, Ibrahim Samah F, Ibrahim Ateya M, Marawan Marawan A
Department of Animal Medicine (Internal Medicine), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, 13736, Egypt.
Department of Microbiology, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
Vet Res Commun. 2025 May 2;49(4):187. doi: 10.1007/s11259-025-10744-6.
Globally, mastitis is an incredibly devastating, multifactorial disease that affects the dairy industry. However, cases of mycotic mastitis in dairy cows have increased in recent years. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of mycotic mastitis with special reference to Candida albicans in Holstein-Friesian dairy cows from some farms in Menoufia province, Egypt. For the study, 150 milk samples (n = 150, 20 from healthy cows and 130 from cows with subclinical and clinical mastitis) were collected from 15 smallholder dairy farms located in three localities (Quesina, Elbagour, and Shibin El-Kom) five farms from each. The samples were subjected to mycological culture and subsequently verified using traditional morphological and biochemical tests to confirm fungal characteristics followed by antimycotic susceptibility testing using Vitec 2 system. Finally, molecular identification was carried out via PCR and phylogenetic analysis. 27 samples out of 130 were positive for fungal culture representing (20.77%). Candida species were recorded the highest percentage (62.96%) of the detected fungi (17/27). In addition, C. albicans was the predominant species (3/27), which corresponds to 11.11%. Antifungal susceptibility testing of the fungal isolates showed the highest susceptibility to micafungin, followed by caspofungin (88.88% and 86.19%, respectively). However, the lowest susceptibility was noted against amphotericin B (50.55%). The three isolates of C. albicans were confirmed by PCR by amplifying the ITS region, which was then sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. The sequences have been deposited in GenBank under the following accession numbers: OR97266, OR97267, and OR97268. Our results indicate that Candida spp., especially C. albicans, is one of the major causes of mycotic mastitis in dairy cows in Egypt. Moreover, micafungin might be the efficient medication for treating these cases of mycotic mastitis, followed by caspofungin.
在全球范围内，乳腺炎是一种极具破坏性的多因素疾病，影响着乳制品行业。然而，近年来奶牛霉菌性乳腺炎的病例有所增加。本研究旨在调查埃及明亚省一些农场的荷斯坦-弗里生奶牛霉菌性乳腺炎的患病率，特别关注白色念珠菌。在本研究中，从位于三个地区（库西纳、埃尔巴古尔和舍宾埃尔库姆）的15个小农户奶牛场收集了150份牛奶样本（n = 150，其中20份来自健康奶牛，130份来自患有亚临床和临床乳腺炎的奶牛），每个地区5个农场。对样本进行真菌培养，随后使用传统的形态学和生化测试进行验证，以确认真菌特征，接着使用Vitec 2系统进行抗真菌药敏试验。最后，通过PCR和系统发育分析进行分子鉴定。130份样本中有27份真菌培养呈阳性，占比（20.77%）。念珠菌属在检测到的真菌中占比最高（62.96%）（27份中有17份）。此外，白色念珠菌是主要菌种（27份中有3份），占比11.11%。对真菌分离株的抗真菌药敏试验表明，对米卡芬净的敏感性最高，其次是卡泊芬净（分别为88.88%和86.19%）。然而，对两性霉素B的敏感性最低（50.55%）。通过扩增ITS区域，经PCR确认了三株白色念珠菌分离株，随后对其进行测序以进行系统发育分析。这些序列已以以下登录号存入GenBank：OR97266、OR97267和OR97268。我们的结果表明，念珠菌属，尤其是白色念珠菌，是埃及奶牛霉菌性乳腺炎的主要病因之一。此外，米卡芬净可能是治疗这些霉菌性乳腺炎病例的有效药物，其次是卡泊芬净。
