Neitzke-Spruill Logan, Beit Caroline S, Robinson Jill Oliver, Singh Nikita, Kambala Srijith, Ramesh Rishi, McGuire Amy L
Baylor College of Medicine, Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2025 May 2;20(5):e0321648. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0321648. eCollection 2025.
Research into psychedelics' clinical potential has corresponded to a growth in public interest and adult use. One common pathway to accessing psychedelics is through psychedelic retreats. While individual retreats have been characterized in the anthropological literature, no systematic evaluation of the psychedelic retreat industry exists. Assessing the characteristics of the psychedelic retreat industry is critical to understanding the associated ethical, legal, and social implications and ensuring consumer safety. To this end, we conducted a landscape analysis of online, publicly available information to capture and characterize a broad range of organizations offering psychedelic retreats and marketing to English-speaking consumers. From July 2023 to December 2023, we identified 298 psychedelic retreat organizations. Some identified as religious organizations, but the majority focused on general wellness. Organizations offered various psychedelic substances with ayahuasca being the most common, followed by psilocybin and San Pedro. Organizations held retreats across the globe at various price points. In total, there were 440 distinct physical locations where retreat experiences were held; 130 were inside the United States (U.S.) and 310 were outside the U.S. Further research into the practices of psychedelic retreat organizations is recommended to help reduce harm and support consumer education.
对迷幻药临床潜力的研究与公众兴趣和成年人使用的增长相呼应。获取迷幻药的一个常见途径是通过迷幻静修活动。虽然人类学文献中对个别静修活动有过描述，但目前尚无对迷幻静修行业的系统评估。评估迷幻静修行业的特点对于理解相关的伦理、法律和社会影响以及确保消费者安全至关重要。为此，我们对在线公开信息进行了全景分析，以捕捉和描述向说英语的消费者提供迷幻静修服务并进行营销的各类组织。在2023年7月至2023年12月期间，我们识别出了298个迷幻静修组织。其中一些被认定为宗教组织，但大多数专注于一般健康领域。这些组织提供各种迷幻物质，其中阿亚瓦斯卡最为常见，其次是裸盖菇素和圣佩德罗仙人掌。各组织在全球各地举办静修活动，价格各异。总共存在440个举办静修体验的不同实体地点；其中130个在美国境内，310个在美国境外。建议对迷幻静修组织的做法进行进一步研究，以帮助减少危害并支持消费者教育。
