Chen Jian, Fu Ying, Ma Shenglan, Chen Qiao, Zhang Wanqing, Huang Junlin
Hunan Sida Yuan Planning Consulting Research Co., Ltd, Changsha, China.
School of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
PLoS One. 2025 May 2;20(5):e0322109. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0322109. eCollection 2025.
The configuration level of community-level public service facilities is an important indicator for assessing the completeness of the urban public service system, and its spatial equilibrium directly impacts residents' quality of life. This study takes 400 living circles in Changsha as samples and, based on the theory of "spatial equilibrium," applies CRITIC method, system coordination model, and geographic detector to systematically evaluate the "supply-demand" equilibrium of community-level public service facilities. The study finds that: (1) The supply of public service facilities exhibits spatial agglomeration characteristics, while the demand distribution is significantly dispersed, with regional heterogeneity in the supply-demand matching; (2) There is a "Matthew effect" in the configuration of facilities, with significant equilibrium differences between the central urban areas and suburban regions; (3) The coverage of bus stops, farmers' markets, and multifunctional sports fields are key driving factors, and transportation convenience and daily demand satisfaction are the core pathways to improving equilibrium. This study, by constructing a dynamic "supply-demand" adaptation framework, reveals the spatial equilibrium characteristics of community-level public service facilities and provides systematic planning ideas for optimizing urban public service resource allocation.
社区级公共服务设施的配置水平是评估城市公共服务体系完备性的重要指标,其空间均衡状况直接影响居民生活质量。本研究以长沙市400个生活圈为样本,基于“空间均衡”理论,运用CRITIC法、系统协调模型和地理探测器,对社区级公共服务设施的“供需”均衡进行系统评价。研究发现:(1)公共服务设施供给呈现空间集聚特征,需求分布则显著分散,供需匹配存在区域异质性;(2)设施配置存在“马太效应”,中心城区与郊区的均衡差异显著;(3)公交站点、农贸市场和多功能运动场的覆盖情况是关键驱动因素,交通便利性和日常需求满足度是提升均衡性的核心路径。本研究通过构建动态“供需”适配框架,揭示了社区级公共服务设施的空间均衡特征,为优化城市公共服务资源配置提供了系统的规划思路。