Wu Jian Sheng, Si Meng Lin, Li Wei Feng
Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environmental Science and Technology, School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China.
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2016 Sep;27(9):2831-2838. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201609.011.
Urban green space is an important ecological landscape, whose spatial distribution plays a significant role in improving the eco-environment and people's living quality. This study was initia-ted from the perspective of supply and demand balance to evaluate the equity of distribution of urban parks, drawing on previous research, and introduced an integrated framework for evaluating the equity of urban public facilities using spatial multi-analysis. A method concerning gravity model to assess the equity of urban green space was introduced, taking the effect of boundary into account. The case study area was the Futian District of Shenzhen and its 2000 m buffer area. Then, some optimizations were suggested for better allocation of the green space. The results showed that the equity of Futian District was low. The equity of community parks was lowest, followed by that of regional parks, while the countryside ecological parks owned the highest equity. About 50% of the Futian district area was in a state of balance between supply and demand and the rest were in a state of insufficient supply. Greening rate and space allocation of parks and road traffic systems should be improved to better plan the green space in Futian District. For urban green space planning, the parks of small area should be paid more attention to meet the needs of residents for daily recreation. By taking the effect of boundary into account, we observed that the residential area on the edge of the study area could enjoy the park green space, and the green space in the boundary area outside the region would be also shared by residents on both sides of the administrative boundary.
城市绿地是重要的生态景观，其空间分布对于改善生态环境和提高人们的生活质量具有重要作用。本研究从供需平衡的角度出发，借鉴以往研究成果，引入空间多分析方法构建城市公共设施公平性评价综合框架，对城市公园分布公平性进行评价。介绍了一种考虑边界效应的基于引力模型的城市绿地公平性评价方法。以深圳市福田区及其2000米缓冲区为案例研究区域，进而提出优化建议以实现绿地的更好配置。结果表明，福田区的公平性较低。社区公园的公平性最低，其次是区域公园，而郊野生态公园的公平性最高。福田区约50%的区域处于供需平衡状态，其余区域则处于供应不足状态。应提高公园绿化率、空间配置以及道路交通系统，以更好地规划福田区的绿地。对于城市绿地规划，应更加关注小面积公园，以满足居民日常休闲需求。考虑边界效应后，我们发现研究区域边缘的居民区能够享用公园绿地，区域外边界地区的绿地也会被行政边界两侧的居民共享。
