Balasubramaniam S, Simons L A, Chang S, Hickie J B
J Lipid Res. 1985 Jun;26(6):684-9.
Cholesterol and lipoprotein metabolism were investigated in a group of rats fed a fish oil-supplemented diet, a rich source of n-3 fatty acids. For comparison purposes, other groups of rats were fed either safflower oil (n-6 fatty acids) or coconut oil (saturated fatty acids). Diets were isocaloric and contained identical amounts of cholesterol. Rats fed fish oils for 2 weeks showed a 35% lower plasma cholesterol level than rats fed safflower oil, who in turn showed a 14% lower plasma cholesterol level than those fed coconut oil. The fall in plasma cholesterol level with fish oils was associated with significant falls in low density and high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, but with no significant change in the ratio of low density to high density lipoprotein cholesterol. The fatty acid compositions of plasma, hepatic, and biliary lipids showed relative enrichment with n-3 fatty acids, reflecting the composition of the diet. The fish oil diet increased the basal secretion rate of cholesterol into bile, but the bile acid secretion rate remained unchanged. It is suggested that n-3 fatty acids reduce the plasma cholesterol level in rats by increasing the transfer of cholesterol into bile.
在一组喂食富含n-3脂肪酸的鱼油补充饮食的大鼠中，对胆固醇和脂蛋白代谢进行了研究。为了进行比较，其他几组大鼠分别喂食红花油（n-6脂肪酸）或椰子油（饱和脂肪酸）。饮食的热量相同，且胆固醇含量相同。喂食鱼油2周的大鼠血浆胆固醇水平比喂食红花油的大鼠低35%，而喂食红花油的大鼠血浆胆固醇水平又比喂食椰子油的大鼠低14%。鱼油导致的血浆胆固醇水平下降与低密度和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平的显著下降相关，但低密度与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的比例没有显著变化。血浆、肝脏和胆汁脂质的脂肪酸组成显示出n-3脂肪酸的相对富集，反映了饮食的组成。鱼油饮食增加了胆固醇向胆汁的基础分泌率，但胆汁酸分泌率保持不变。有人认为，n-3脂肪酸通过增加胆固醇向胆汁的转运来降低大鼠的血浆胆固醇水平。
