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优化城市公园的降温效果需要平衡形态设计和景观结构。

Optimizing urban park cooling effects requires balancing morphological design and landscape structure.

作者信息

Wang Lin, Wang Wenjia, Tang Fei, Xu Hanqiu

机构信息

Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing of Soil Erosion and Disaster Prevention, College of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.

Institute of Remote Sensing Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2025 May 2;15(1):15435. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-98249-9.

DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-98249-9
PMID:40316610
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12048533/
Abstract

Urbanization and global warming have led to more frequent extreme heat events, highlighting the importance of Park Cooling Islands. This study analyzes the cooling effect (PCE) of 50 urban parks in Fuzhou to explore the relationship between park area and cooling effect. The results indicate that there is no simple positive correlation between park area and cooling effect. Specifically, while larger parks may have greater cooling potential, a larger area does not necessarily lead to better cooling effects. The optimal park area for cooling effect ranges from 0.594 to 56 hm; beyond this range, an increase in park area does not significantly enhance the cooling effect. A low proportion of impervious surfaces, a high proportion of water bodies and vegetation, as well as complex patch patterns can enhance PCE, while excessive edge density and landscape fragmentation can weaken PCE. Based on importance analysis, the external morphological characteristics and internal patch characteristics of parks significantly influence cooling effects. Furthermore, the cooling effect of parks is jointly determined by internal and external conditions, with internal conditions having a more significant impact. Therefore, merely pursuing a "large" park area does not guarantee a "good" cooling effect; instead, greater emphasis should be placed on optimizing park design and layout, simplifying boundary shapes, reducing impervious surface ratios, and increasing vegetation diversity to maximize cooling effects.

摘要

城市化和全球变暖导致极端高温事件愈发频繁，凸显了城市降温岛的重要性。本研究分析了福州50个城市公园的降温效果（PCE），以探究公园面积与降温效果之间的关系。结果表明，公园面积与降温效果之间不存在简单的正相关关系。具体而言，虽然较大的公园可能具有更大的降温潜力，但面积越大并不一定意味着降温效果越好。实现降温效果的最佳公园面积范围为0.594至56公顷；超出此范围，公园面积的增加并不会显著增强降温效果。低比例的不透水表面、高比例的水体和植被以及复杂的斑块格局能够增强PCE，而过高的边缘密度和景观破碎化则会削弱PCE。基于重要性分析，公园的外部形态特征和内部斑块特征对降温效果有显著影响。此外，公园的降温效果由内部和外部条件共同决定，其中内部条件的影响更为显著。因此，仅仅追求“大”的公园面积并不能保证有“好”的降温效果；相反，应更加注重优化公园设计和布局、简化边界形状、降低不透水表面比例以及增加植被多样性，以实现最大降温效果。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fa38/12048533/0831134f08d4/41598_2025_98249_Fig14_HTML.jpg
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本文引用的文献

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Sci Total Environ. 2022 Jun 1;823:153806. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153806. Epub 2022 Feb 10.
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