Xie Bin, Li Wenzhuo, Yang Tao, Zhang Yajun, Xiao Weidong, Hu Sihai, Wu Yaoguo, Sun Xiaofeng, Wang Bin, Sun Ran
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China.
Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2025 May 3;41(5):162. doi: 10.1007/s11274-025-04386-8.
Saline soils, which inhibit plant growth and diminish soil functions such as carbon storage, present a significant challenge to agricultural productivity. Consequently, soil improvement is crucial for achieving sustainable agricultural development. Organic fertilizers, particularly those derived from kitchen waste, have shown potential in enhancing soil fertility and structure. However, the interaction between kitchen waste - derived fermented organic fertilizers and their impact on microbial diversity, community structure, and nutrient dynamics in saline soils remains an underexplored area within environmental research. In this study, microcosm experiments were conducted with saline soil samples. We examined the temporal changes in soil nutrient levels and microbial diversity after the application of inorganic and organic fertilizer for a 15-day period. The results demonstrated that short-term application of kitchen waste fermented organic fertilizer significantly increased the levels of organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN), hydrolyzed nitrogen (HN), total phosphorus (TP), available phosphorus (AP), and available potassium (AK); however, it also led to a reduction in microbial diversity within saline soils while simultaneously promoting the presence of beneficial microorganisms such as Photobacterium, Pseudoalteromonas, and Planococcus. The relative abundance of Bacillus increased from 0.34 to 35.22% in the COS (treatment with 30% organic fertilizer) treatment. The redundancy analysis demonstrated that, except for TK (total potassium), the physicochemical properties of the saline soils were positively correlated with the dominant bacterial community abundance under the BOS (treatment with 10% organic fertilizer) and COS treatments but negatively correlated with the salt-tolerant bacterial abundance under the CK (treatment with saline soil) and AIS (treatment with saline soil and inorganic fertilizer) treatments. In conclusion, the application of kitchen waste fermented organic fertilizer is a beneficial strategy for enhancing saline soil fertility, promoting the proliferation of beneficial microorganisms, and rehabilitating saline soils.
盐渍土抑制植物生长并削弱土壤功能（如碳储存），对农业生产力构成重大挑战。因此，土壤改良对于实现可持续农业发展至关重要。有机肥料，特别是源自厨余垃圾的有机肥料，已显示出提高土壤肥力和结构的潜力。然而，厨余垃圾衍生的发酵有机肥料与它们对盐渍土中微生物多样性、群落结构和养分动态的影响之间的相互作用，在环境研究中仍是一个未被充分探索的领域。在本研究中，对盐渍土样本进行了微观实验。我们研究了在施用无机肥和有机肥15天后土壤养分水平和微生物多样性的时间变化。结果表明，短期施用厨余垃圾发酵有机肥料显著提高了土壤有机质（OM）、全氮（TN）、水解氮（HN）、全磷（TP）、有效磷（AP）和速效钾（AK）的含量；然而，它也导致盐渍土中微生物多样性降低，同时促进了诸如发光杆菌属、假交替单胞菌属和动性球菌属等有益微生物的存在。在COS（30%有机肥处理）处理中，芽孢杆菌的相对丰度从0.34%增加到35.22%。冗余分析表明，除了TK（全钾）外，盐渍土的理化性质在BOS（10%有机肥处理）和COS处理下与优势细菌群落丰度呈正相关，但在CK（盐渍土处理）和AIS（盐渍土和无机肥处理）处理下与耐盐细菌丰度呈负相关。总之，施用厨余垃圾发酵有机肥料是提高盐渍土肥力、促进有益微生物增殖和修复盐渍土的有益策略。
