Garg Pankaj, Ali Mostafa, Alomari Mohammad, Schoolmeester J Kenneth, Edgar Mark, Landolfo Carolyn K, Attia Steven, Landolfo Kevin P
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Department, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
Cardiooncology. 2025 May 2;11(1):41. doi: 10.1186/s40959-025-00336-3.
Cardiac benign metastatic leiomyoma (BML) is a rare cardiac tumor that is usually asymptomatic, frequently misdiagnosed and may result in serious complications, including embolization, heart failure and death. This review highlights the importance of considering cardiac BML in the differential diagnosis of cardiac masses, especially in women with a history of uterine leiomyomas. This review summarizes the current knowledge about cardiac BML, including its demographics, clinical presentation, etio-pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management. The authors discuss the challenges associated with diagnosing cardiac BML and emphasize the importance of a thorough history, physical examination, and imaging studies. They also review the different treatment options for cardiac BML, including surgical resection and role of medical and surgical castration. Early diagnosis and management of cardiac BML is crucial to prevent complications. This review provides valuable insights for clinicians who may encounter this rare condition. By raising awareness of cardiac BML and its management strategies, this review can improve patient care and outcomes.
心脏良性转移性平滑肌瘤(BML)是一种罕见的心脏肿瘤,通常无症状,常被误诊,可能导致严重并发症,包括栓塞、心力衰竭和死亡。本综述强调了在心脏肿块的鉴别诊断中考虑心脏BML的重要性,尤其是在有子宫平滑肌瘤病史的女性中。本综述总结了目前关于心脏BML的知识,包括其人口统计学、临床表现、病因发病机制、诊断和管理。作者讨论了诊断心脏BML相关的挑战,并强调了详细病史、体格检查和影像学检查的重要性。他们还回顾了心脏BML的不同治疗选择,包括手术切除以及药物和手术去势的作用。心脏BML的早期诊断和管理对于预防并发症至关重要。本综述为可能遇到这种罕见疾病的临床医生提供了有价值的见解。通过提高对心脏BML及其管理策略的认识,本综述可以改善患者护理和治疗结果。