Ye Zhiyuan, Gao Linglin, Guo Zhi, Wang Qiang
Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenvironment, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Department of Hematology, The 6 Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China.
J Cancer Res Ther. 2025 May 1;21(2):323-333. doi: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_50_24. Epub 2025 May 2.
Cancer metastasis is the leading cause of death in patients. In recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the role of tumor-associated microflora in tumor metastasis. The connection between oral and gut microflora and the tumor microenvironment has also been extensively studied. The migration of oral and gut microflora is closely associated with tumor development. Although there is awareness regarding the significant impact of microbial communities on human health, the focus on their relationship with host organisms, particularly those related to tumor-associated microflora, remains inadequate. As an integral part of the body, the host microflora is crucial for regulating the cancer risk and preventing tumor recurrence. The oral-gut axis plays an indispensable role in human immunity, and many types of cancers, such as colorectal, pancreatic, and breast, are significantly influenced by their internal microbial communities. However, further exploration into the mechanisms underlying the role of the intratumoral microflora in cancer is necessary to achieve a comprehensive understanding. We have summarized and analyzed related articles in PubMed. This article reviews the impact of the oral-gut axis on the human immune system, explores the relationship between the translocation of the oral and intestinal flora and the tumor microenvironment, analyzes the specific mechanisms involved in the translocation of the oral and intestinal microflora during the evolution and progression of tumors, and elaborates on the correlations between the occurrence and development of tumors and the changes in the microflora. Finally, a summary of these abovementioned points is provided.
癌症转移是患者死亡的主要原因。近年来，人们越来越认识到肿瘤相关微生物群在肿瘤转移中的作用。口腔和肠道微生物群与肿瘤微环境之间的联系也得到了广泛研究。口腔和肠道微生物群的迁移与肿瘤发展密切相关。尽管人们已经意识到微生物群落对人类健康有重大影响，但对它们与宿主生物体的关系，特别是与肿瘤相关微生物群的关系的关注仍然不足。作为身体的一个组成部分，宿主微生物群对于调节癌症风险和预防肿瘤复发至关重要。口腔-肠道轴在人体免疫中起着不可或缺的作用，许多类型的癌症，如结直肠癌、胰腺癌和乳腺癌，都受到其内部微生物群落的显著影响。然而，有必要进一步探索肿瘤内微生物群在癌症中作用的潜在机制，以实现全面的理解。我们在PubMed上总结并分析了相关文章。本文综述了口腔-肠道轴对人体免疫系统的影响，探讨了口腔和肠道菌群易位与肿瘤微环境之间的关系，分析了肿瘤发生发展过程中口腔和肠道微生物群易位所涉及的具体机制，并阐述了肿瘤发生发展与微生物群变化之间的相关性。最后，对上述要点进行了总结。
