Chen Peng, Ding Bing, Dou Hui, Zhang Xiaogang
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, P. R. China.
Small. 2025 Jun;21(24):e2503743. doi: 10.1002/smll.202503743. Epub 2025 May 2.
The low energy density and safety problems of lithium-ion batteries based on liquid electrolyte have set off a new wave of high specific capacity and high safety battery design to meet the need of future market. Solid-state lithium metal battery has been widely concerned for its high energy density, safety, and electrochemical stability. Especially, polymer-based solid-state electrolytes (polymer SSEs) have attracted much attention due to the good interfacial contact, flexible mechanical properties, and physical/chemical stability. However, the deficiencies of low ionic conductivity and weak mechanical strength limit the further development of polymer SSEs. Here, hybrid ceramic-polymer composite solid-state electrolytes (CSSEs), specifically consisted of polymers and inorganic ceramic active fillers, can achieve good interfacial contact, high ionic conductivity, excellent mechanical properties, and Li dendrite growth inhibition. Based on the intrinsic characteristics of polymers, this review expounds the strategies to improve the performance of ceramic-polymer CSSEs. Especially, the screening and modification strategies of polymer and ceramic active fillers in recent years, including structural design, surface modification, and interface engineering, are reviewed. Finally, the core ideas of the existing designs, and proposed feasible solutions, aiming at providing future development and industrialization of ceramic-polymer CSSEs are summarized.
基于液体电解质的锂离子电池的低能量密度和安全问题引发了新一轮高比容量和高安全性电池设计的浪潮，以满足未来市场的需求。固态锂金属电池因其高能量密度、安全性和电化学稳定性而受到广泛关注。特别是，基于聚合物的固态电解质（聚合物固态电解质）由于良好的界面接触、灵活的机械性能和物理/化学稳定性而备受关注。然而，低离子电导率和弱机械强度的缺陷限制了聚合物固态电解质的进一步发展。在此，混合陶瓷-聚合物复合固态电解质（复合固态电解质），特别是由聚合物和无机陶瓷活性填料组成的，可以实现良好的界面接触、高离子电导率、优异的机械性能和抑制锂枝晶生长。基于聚合物的固有特性，本综述阐述了提高陶瓷-聚合物复合固态电解质性能的策略。特别是，综述了近年来聚合物和陶瓷活性填料的筛选和改性策略，包括结构设计、表面改性和界面工程。最后，总结了现有设计的核心思想，并提出了可行的解决方案，旨在为陶瓷-聚合物复合固态电解质的未来发展和产业化提供参考。
