Farhadi Ramin, Farshad Abbas, Najafi Abouzar, Rostamzadeh Jalal
Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.
Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Theriogenology. 2025 Sep 1;243:117462. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117462. Epub 2025 Apr 27.
Artificial insemination (AI) in rams relies on effective sperm preservation; however, freezing and thawing processes induce oxidative stress and sperm damage. This study evaluated the antioxidant effects of curcumin, in both free and nanoparticles (NPs) forms, on cryopreserved ram sperm. Curcumin was incorporated into the sperm extender at concentrations of 0, 25, and 50 μM. The curcumin NPs formulation, prepared using the nanoliposome technique, improved curcumin solubility and bioavailability. The 25 μM curcumin NPs group showed significantly higher sperm motility (total motility: 72.67 ± 1.15 %, progressive motility: 59.2 ± 0.96 %) compared to the control (total motility: 59.75 ± 0.68 %, progressive motility: 46.23 ± 1.50 %) (p < 0.05). Membrane (75.77 ± 0.87 %) and acrosome integrity (80.67 ± 0.87 %) were significantly improved in the 25 μM NPs group compared to those in the control (61.76 ± 0.97 %, 66.77 ± 1.50 %) (p < 0.05). Sperm viability was higher in the 25 μM NPs group (76.76 ± 1.22 %) vs. control (64.93 ± 0.80 %) (p < 0.05), and early apoptosis was reduced (5.06 ± 0.36 % vs. 9.7 ± 0.7 %) (p < 0.05). Oxidative stress markers were also improved, with lower MDA and ROS levels and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity. The 25 μM curcumin NPs did not alter CYTb copy number. The 25 μM curcumin NPs group had higher fertility outcomes, including pregnancy (58.33 %), birth (58.33 %), and lambing (83.33 %) rates, than the control and 50 μM curcumin groups. These findings indicate that curcumin nanoparticles enhance sperm quality and fertility in cryopreserved ram sperm.
公羊的人工授精（AI）依赖于有效的精子保存；然而，冷冻和解冻过程会引发氧化应激并导致精子损伤。本研究评估了游离形式和纳米颗粒（NPs）形式的姜黄素对冷冻保存的公羊精子的抗氧化作用。将姜黄素以0、25和50 μM的浓度添加到精子稀释液中。使用纳米脂质体技术制备的姜黄素纳米颗粒制剂提高了姜黄素的溶解度和生物利用度。与对照组（总活力：59.75±0.68%，前进活力：46.23±1.50%）相比，25 μM姜黄素纳米颗粒组的精子活力显著更高（总活力：72.67±1.15%，前进活力：59.2±0.96%）（p<0.05）。与对照组（61.76±0.97%，66.77±1.50%）相比，25 μM纳米颗粒组的膜完整性（75.77±0.87%）和顶体完整性（80.67±0.87%）显著提高（p<0.05）。25 μM纳米颗粒组的精子活力（76.76±1.22%）高于对照组（64.93±0.80%）（p<0.05），早期凋亡减少（5.06±0.36%对9.7±0.7%）（p<0.05）。氧化应激标志物也得到改善，丙二醛和活性氧水平降低，抗氧化酶活性增强。25 μM姜黄素纳米颗粒未改变细胞色素b拷贝数。与对照组和50 μM姜黄素组相比，25 μM姜黄素纳米颗粒组的繁殖结果更高，包括妊娠率（58.33%）、出生率（58.33%）和产羔率（83.33%）。这些发现表明，姜黄素纳米颗粒可提高冷冻保存的公羊精子的质量和繁殖力。
