Boksa P
J Neurochem. 1985 Oct;45(4):1254-61. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb05550.x.
Adrenal chromaffin cells normally synthesize and release catecholamines. In the present study, [3H]acetylcholine synthesis and another characteristic of cholinergic neurons, [3H]choline uptake, were studied in cultures of adult bovine adrenal chromaffin cells. Chromaffin cell cultures took up [3H]choline from the medium and acetylated the [3H]choline to form [3H]acetylcholine. The rate of [3H]acetylcholine synthesis increased after 19 days in culture and continued to increase up to 28 days in culture. [3H]Acetylcholine synthesis could be increased by stimulating the cells with a depolarizing concentration of K+. The ability for K+ to stimulate synthesis of [3H]acetylcholine developed only after 28 days in culture. [3H]Choline was taken up by the cultures through a single mechanism with a high (to intermediate) affinity for choline. [3H]Choline uptake was enhanced by Na+ omission in day-14 cultures, but was at least partially Na+-dependent in day-29 cultures. Hemicholinium-3 (IC50 less than 10 muM) inhibited [3H]choline uptake into chromaffin cell cultures. It is concluded that bovine adrenal chromaffin cells, maintained in culture, are able to exhibit cholinergic properties and this capacity is retained even by the mature adult cell.
肾上腺嗜铬细胞通常合成并释放儿茶酚胺。在本研究中，对成年牛肾上腺嗜铬细胞培养物中的[³H]乙酰胆碱合成以及胆碱能神经元的另一个特征，即[³H]胆碱摄取进行了研究。嗜铬细胞培养物从培养基中摄取[³H]胆碱，并将[³H]胆碱乙酰化形成[³H]乙酰胆碱。培养19天后，[³H]乙酰胆碱的合成速率增加，并在培养至28天时持续增加。用去极化浓度的K⁺刺激细胞可增加[³H]乙酰胆碱的合成。K⁺刺激[³H]乙酰胆碱合成的能力仅在培养28天后才出现。培养物通过对胆碱具有高（至中等）亲和力的单一机制摄取[³H]胆碱。在第14天的培养物中，缺钠可增强[³H]胆碱的摄取，但在第29天的培养物中，[³H]胆碱的摄取至少部分依赖于钠。半胱胺-3（IC50小于10 μM）抑制[³H]胆碱摄取到嗜铬细胞培养物中。得出的结论是，培养的牛肾上腺嗜铬细胞能够表现出胆碱能特性，并且即使是成熟的成年细胞也保留了这种能力。
