Salawu Yusuff Adeyemi, Choun Yoonseok, Yoo Seung-Jong, Sasaki Minoru, Kim Ki-Seok, Kim Heon-Jung
Department of Physics, Graduate School, Daegu University, Daegu, Gyeongbuk, Korea.
Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Korea.
Nat Commun. 2025 May 4;16(1):4153. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-59394-x.
Conventional metals cannot undergo rectification at low-field regions because the existence of Fermi energy prohibits nonlinear responses. Similarly, materials with inversion symmetry typically do not exhibit rectification as it necessitates the inversion symmetry breaking in the conventional mechanism. In this study, we report our observation of symmetry-forbidden rectification in metals, realized as a non-equilibrium steady state in an inversion-symmetric Weyl metallic phase of BiSb (x = 3-4%). Constructing a van der Pol nonlinear differential equation derived from axion electrodynamics, we find an analytic steady-state solution that exhibits a symmetry-breaking bifurcation responsible for the rectification. Our experimental and theoretical results show the symmetry-forbidden nonlinear response as the manifestation of the spontaneous dynamical inversion-symmetry breaking in Weyl metals before reaching chaos.
传统金属在低场区域无法进行整流,因为费米能的存在会阻止非线性响应。同样,具有反演对称性的材料通常不会表现出整流现象,因为在传统机制中这需要打破反演对称性。在本研究中,我们报告了在金属中观察到的对称性禁戒整流,这在BiSb(x = 3 - 4%)的反演对称外尔金属相中表现为非平衡稳态。通过构建由轴子电动力学导出的范德波尔非线性微分方程,我们找到了一个解析稳态解,该解表现出导致整流的对称性破缺分岔。我们的实验和理论结果表明,对称性禁戒的非线性响应是外尔金属在达到混沌之前自发动态反演对称性破缺的表现。