Falls prevention and management for older adults in home care services in Norway: a retrospective patient record review.

PURPOSE

To evaluate Norwegian home care services' adherence to the World Falls Guidelines 2022 (WFG2022) recommendations on assessment and management of falls among older adults with a history of falling, and to evaluate the degree to which identified fall risk factors were addressed with interventions to prevent falls.

METHODS

We conducted a retrospective patient record review of older adults who receive home care services and have a history of falls from four municipal home care service city districts in Oslo, Norway. We collected data from electronic patient records on patient characteristics, the assessed fall risk factors, and implemented interventions to prevent falls. Adherence was analysed as the proportion of patients who received fall prevention care in line with WGF2022 recommendations.

RESULTS

The records of 225 patients were reviewed, of which 157 (70%) patients were between the ages of 70 and 89 years, and 131 (58%) were women. A total of 54 (24%) patients had intermediate fall-risk and 171 (76%) patients had high fall-risk. Of the 54 patients with intermediate fall-risk, 50% received an assessment of balance, gait, or muscle strength, and 22% were subsequently offered exercise. Sixty-one percent of intermediate-risk patients received multifactorial fall risk assessments, and 19% received multifactorial interventions. Exercise was the most used intervention to prevent falls, but it was provided to fewer than half of the patients. Other relevant interventions, such as osteoporosis treatment and medication management, were provided to fewer than 10% of patients.

CONCLUSION

The results highlight substantial gaps in the comprehensive management of fall prevention where considerably fewer patients received follow-up interventions to prevent falls compared to those who had fall risk factors identified. These results underscore the urgent need for enhanced implementation of fall prevention care within municipal home care services.