Kumamoto Miho, Bandt Carsten
Department of Emergency and Critical Care and Diagnostic Imaging, Canada West Veterinary Specialists and Critical Care Hospital, 1988 Kootenay Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V5M 4Y3.
Can Vet J. 2025 May;66(5):497-504.
A 5-month-old spayed female Shiba Inu dog was presented because of acute vomiting, diarrhea, and weakness. The dog had undergone elective ovariohysterectomy, received nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication, and undergone an intestinal biopsy 1 d before presentation. On physical examination, the dog was in shock and had abdominal pain. There were an increased hematocrit, band neutrophilia with toxic change, and elevated urea concentration and liver enzyme values. Abdominal ultrasound revealed gas foci within the gastric wall, hepatic parenchyma, and colonic wall, consistent with emphysematous infection. Fecal analysis revealed low levels of alpha toxin gene. The dog was treated medically with intravenous fluids, antimicrobial therapy, gastric decompression, and supportive treatments. Rapid clinical improvement was noted, accompanied by improvements on repeat abdominal ultrasonography examinations and blood work. A positive outcome was observed in this dog. The etiology for emphysematous infection was unclear, with multiple risk factors reported in human literature. In this case, administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication, preexisting enteropathy, and recent abdominal surgery may have contributed to disease development. This is the first report of concurrent emphysematous gastritis, pneumatosis coli, and emphysematous hepatitis in a dog. This case report could aid practitioners in recognizing, diagnosing, and treating emphysematous infections in dogs with acute abdominal symptoms. Key clinical message: This is the first report of concurrent emphysematous gastritis, pneumatosis coli, and emphysematous hepatitis in a dog. The report provides information regarding the pathogenesis of, risk factors for, and diagnosis and treatment of emphysematous infections.
一只5个月大已绝育的雌性柴犬因急性呕吐、腹泻和虚弱前来就诊。该犬接受了择期卵巢子宫切除术，术前1天服用了非甾体类抗炎药，并进行了肠道活检。体格检查时，该犬处于休克状态且伴有腹痛。血细胞比容升高，出现伴有毒性变化的杆状核中性粒细胞增多，尿素浓度和肝酶值升高。腹部超声显示胃壁、肝实质和结肠壁内有气体灶，符合气肿性感染。粪便分析显示α毒素基因水平较低。对该犬进行了静脉输液、抗菌治疗、胃肠减压及支持治疗。临床症状迅速改善，同时重复腹部超声检查和血液检查结果也有所改善。该犬预后良好。气肿性感染的病因尚不清楚，人类文献报道了多种危险因素。在本病例中，非甾体类抗炎药的使用、既往存在的肠病以及近期的腹部手术可能促使了疾病的发展。这是首例关于犬同时发生气肿性胃炎、结肠积气和气肿性肝炎的报道。本病例报告有助于临床医生识别、诊断和治疗有急性腹部症状犬的气肿性感染。关键临床信息：这是首例关于犬同时发生气肿性胃炎、结肠积气和气肿性肝炎的报道。该报告提供了有关气肿性感染的发病机制、危险因素以及诊断和治疗的信息。
