Oliveira Mateus Fernandes, Arriola Ígor Abba, Rodrigues-Mattos Guilherme Henrique, Torre Felipe Della, Lima Joni Esrom, França Marcel Giovanni Costa, Isaias Rosy Mary Dos Santos, Maciel-Silva Adaíses Simone
Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
Planta. 2025 May 5;261(6):126. doi: 10.1007/s00425-025-04690-5.
Mosses from the Brazilian savanna accumulate aluminum (Al) and exhibit mechanisms similar to vascular plants, but different species use distinct strategies for Al accumulation in apoplast and symplast pathways. Bryophytes are conspicuous components of the vegetation in the Brazilian savanna, particularly in the Campo Rupestre phytophysiognomy. There are two main types of Campos Rupestres, each with distinct soil characteristics: quartzitic and ferruginous. Quartzite soils are typically acidic and nutrient-poor, while ferruginous soils are rich in iron and tend to be acidic and low in nutrients. Despite these distinctions, these ecosystems share high soil aluminum (Al) content and vegetation with many Al-tolerant vascular plant species. However, the relationship between Al and bryophytes remains unexplored. We found that Campylopus lamellatus Mont. (Dicranaceae) and Polytrichum juniperinum Hedw. (Polytrichaceae) accumulate Al, despite the differences in the histolocalization within the gametophyte. C. lamellatus tends to accumulate Al apoplastically in the cell walls, whereas P. juniperinum accumulates it symplastically, potentially in vacuoles and chloroplasts. Additionally, populations of the same moss species in different studied sites of Campos Rupestres exhibited a similar pattern of accumulation, as our data indicated the pH and Al content of the soils were comparable. Our study provides the first evidence of Al accumulation in mosses from the Brazilian savanna, highlighting the potential for bryophytes to adapt to high-aluminum environments similarly to vascular plants.
来自巴西稀树草原的苔藓会积累铝（Al），并表现出与维管植物相似的机制，但不同物种在质外体和共质体途径中积累铝的策略不同。苔藓植物是巴西稀树草原植被的显著组成部分，特别是在高地岩石草原植物群落中。高地岩石草原有两种主要类型，每种类型都有独特的土壤特征：石英质和铁质。石英质土壤通常呈酸性且养分贫瘠，而铁质土壤富含铁，往往呈酸性且养分含量低。尽管存在这些差异，但这些生态系统都有高土壤铝（Al）含量，且植被中有许多耐铝维管植物物种。然而，铝与苔藓植物之间的关系仍未得到探索。我们发现，弯叶曲柄藓（Campylopus lamellatus Mont.，曲尾藓科）和桧叶金发藓（Polytrichum juniperinum Hedw.，金发藓科）会积累铝，尽管配子体中的组织定位存在差异。弯叶曲柄藓倾向于在细胞壁中质外体积累铝，而桧叶金发藓则在共质体中积累铝，可能是在液泡和叶绿体中。此外，在高地岩石草原不同研究地点的同一苔藓物种种群表现出相似的积累模式，因为我们的数据表明土壤的pH值和铝含量具有可比性。我们的研究首次提供了巴西稀树草原苔藓积累铝的证据，突出了苔藓植物与维管植物类似地适应高铝环境的潜力。
