Wang Zhaoyin, Liu Pengfei, Wang Jingbin, Ma Pengli, Liu Xinyao
Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, Shenzhen Hospital (Fu Tian) of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2025 May 2;104(18):e41639. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000041639.
In observational studies, it has been known that garlic or onions have a negative causal relationship with gastric cancer (GC). In this study, we aim to explore the negative causal relationship between garlic or onion and GC through Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. The instrumental variable selection for MR analysis is single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with garlic or onion, mainly using the inverse variance weighted method, combined with MR Egger, weighted media, simple mode, and weighted modes to evaluate their causal impact on GC. In addition, sensitivity analysis such as Cochran Q test, pleiotropy test, and leave-one-out method were used to evaluate the robustness of the impact of these single nucleotide polymorphisms on GC. The inverse variance weighted method showed a negative correlation between garlic and GC risk (odds ratio = 0.70; 95% confidence interval 0.49-0.99; P = .046), while there was no relationship between onion and GC, and the sensitivity analysis results showed robustness. The current study has revealed that garlic may be a factor in reducing the risk of GC, providing a strategy for preventing and treating GC.
在观察性研究中，已知大蒜或洋葱与胃癌（GC）存在负因果关系。在本研究中，我们旨在通过孟德尔随机化（MR）分析探索大蒜或洋葱与GC之间的负因果关系。MR分析的工具变量选择是与大蒜或洋葱相关的单核苷酸多态性，主要使用逆方差加权法，并结合MR-Egger、加权中位数、简单模式和加权模式来评估它们对GC的因果影响。此外，还使用了Cochran Q检验、多效性检验和留一法等敏感性分析来评估这些单核苷酸多态性对GC影响的稳健性。逆方差加权法显示大蒜与GC风险呈负相关（优势比=0.70；95%置信区间0.49-0.99；P=0.046），而洋葱与GC之间无关联，且敏感性分析结果显示具有稳健性。当前研究表明大蒜可能是降低GC风险的一个因素，为GC的防治提供了一种策略。
