Mohamed Hesham A, Aboualalaa Mohamed
Microstrip Department, Electronics Research Institute, Cairo, 11843, Egypt.
National Telecommunications Regulatory Authority, Giza, 12577, Egypt.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 5;15(1):15660. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-96017-3.
This study presents a new compact single-layer microstrip 4-port super UWB MIMO antenna designed to operate in the frequency range of (2.5-50) GHz, achieving an impressive 320.2% impedance bandwidth. The antenna is based on a unique d-shaped geometry, specially tailored for applications in satellite communication, 5G, and Beyond, covering various bands including S-, C-, 4G LTE, sub-6 GHz, UWB, and X, ka-, k-, and ku- satellite communication bands. This aligns with Europe's efforts to harmonize by designating the 26 GHz band as a pioneer band for 5G. Additionally, 5G millimeter-wave frequencies are increasingly used in Internet of Things (IoT) applications and industrial automation. In the 5G spectrum, the midband (FR1) spans 1 GHz to 7 GHz, while the high band (FR2) covers frequencies from 24 to 52 GHz and smart wearable devices, vehicle radars, satellite communications, and smart 5G remote sensors devices. The antenna system comprises four orthogonally symmetrically placed identical radiating elements, each featuring a d-shaped patch. The metallic ground plane incorporates a curvature with a simple half-circle shape, effectively enhancing the antenna's matched bandwidth by altering the current distribution, consequently affecting the inductance and capacitance within the ground plane. A MIMO structure comprising four elements of the proposed antenna is introduced. Both simulation and experiments of the MIMO system demonstrate the antenna's impressive performance, showcasing an impedance bandwidth of 2.5 to 50 GHz, a whole-working bandwidth isolation exceeding 20 dB, an envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) below 0.013, and a significant increase in diversity gain (DG) of over 9.98 dBi. The antenna exhibits excellent radiation characteristics and a stable gain, making it highly suitable for UWB MIMO system applications.
本研究提出了一种新型紧凑型单层微带4端口超宽带多输入多输出（MIMO）天线，其设计工作频率范围为（2.5 - 50）GHz，实现了令人瞩目的320.2%阻抗带宽。该天线基于独特的d形几何结构，专为卫星通信、5G及以后的应用量身定制，覆盖包括S波段、C波段、4G LTE、低于6 GHz频段、超宽带（UWB）以及X波段、ka波段、k波段和ku波段卫星通信频段等多个频段。这与欧洲通过将26 GHz频段指定为5G先锋频段来进行协调的努力相一致。此外，5G毫米波频率在物联网（IoT）应用和工业自动化中越来越多地被使用。在5G频谱中，中频段（FR1）跨度为1 GHz至7 GHz，而高频段（FR2）覆盖24至52 GHz的频率以及智能可穿戴设备、车辆雷达、卫星通信和智能5G远程传感器设备。天线系统由四个正交对称放置的相同辐射单元组成，每个单元都有一个d形贴片。金属接地平面采用简单的半圆形曲率，通过改变电流分布有效增强了天线的匹配带宽，从而影响接地平面内的电感和电容。引入了一种由四个所提出天线单元组成的MIMO结构。MIMO系统的仿真和实验均证明了该天线令人印象深刻的性能，展示出2.5至50 GHz的阻抗带宽、超过20 dB的全工作带宽隔离、低于0.013的包络相关系数（ECC）以及超过9.98 dBi的分集增益（DG）显著增加。该天线具有出色的辐射特性和稳定的增益，非常适合超宽带MIMO系统应用。
