Yves André, Azevedo Josué A R, Pirani Renata M, Werneck Fernanda P
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Manaus, Brazil.
Programa de Coleções Científicas Biológicas, Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil.
Heredity (Edinb). 2025 May 5. doi: 10.1038/s41437-025-00765-x.
The extant genetic variation within and among taxa reflects a long history of diversification and adaptive mechanisms in response to climate change and landscape alterations. However, the velocity of current anthropogenic changes poses an imminent threat to global biodiversity. Understanding how species and populations might respond to global climate change provides valuable information for conservation in the face of these impacts. Here, we use genomic data to observe candidate loci under climate selection and test for genetic vulnerability to climate change in a widespread Amazonian ombrophilous lizard population. We found nine populations across Amazonia with a considerable amount of admixture among them. Distinct approaches of genome-environment association analyses revealed 56 candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) under climatic selection, showing an east-west gradient in the adaptive landscape and a signal of local climate adaptation across the species range. According to our results, signals of local adaptation indicate that the species may not respond equally throughout its range, with some populations facing higher extinction risks. Genomic offset analysis predicts the southern and central portions of Amazonia to have a higher vulnerability to future climate change. Our findings highlight the importance of considering spatially explicit contexts with a large sampling coverage to evaluate how local adaptation and climatic vulnerability affect Amazonian forest ectothermic fauna.
分类群内部和之间现存的遗传变异反映了其长期的多样化历史以及应对气候变化和景观改变的适应机制。然而，当前人为变化的速度对全球生物多样性构成了紧迫威胁。了解物种和种群如何应对全球气候变化，可为面对这些影响时的保护工作提供有价值的信息。在此，我们利用基因组数据观察气候选择下的候选基因座，并测试一个分布广泛的亚马逊雨林蜥蜴种群对气候变化的遗传脆弱性。我们发现亚马逊地区有九个种群，它们之间存在大量混合。不同的基因组 - 环境关联分析方法揭示了气候选择下的56个候选单核苷酸多态性（SNP），显示出适应景观中的东西向梯度以及整个物种分布范围内局部气候适应的信号。根据我们的结果，局部适应信号表明该物种在其整个分布范围内的反应可能并不相同，一些种群面临更高的灭绝风险。基因组偏移分析预测亚马逊地区的南部和中部对未来气候变化的脆弱性更高。我们的研究结果强调了在大样本覆盖的情况下考虑空间明确背景的重要性，以评估局部适应和气候脆弱性如何影响亚马逊森林变温动物群。
