Mustajoki Sami, Reito Aleksi, Peltonen Kalle
Department of Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
Department of Orthopedics, Unit of Musculoskeletal Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2025 Jun;136(6):e70053. doi: 10.1111/bcpt.70053.
There are no recent reports from the Nordic countries describing emergency department (ED) visits due to medication overdose. All patients visiting EDs of Tampere University Hospital, Finland, with ICD-10 codes T36-T50.9 during the year of 2021 were included in this study. A total of 803 ED visits by 631 individual patients were identified, comprising 0.7% of all ED visits in 2021. The intention of the overdose was self-harm in 70%, inebriation in 17% and other in 13% of the visits. The mean age of the patients was 35 (range 1-95) years, and 63% were female. In 52% of the visits, the patient had taken more than one medication. Benzodiazepines were involved in 40% of the visits, followed by antipsychotics (28%), antidepressants (19%), paracetamol (15%) and opiates (13%). Twenty-six percent of the patients were admitted to the intensive care or high-dependency care unit, but there were no overdose-related in-hospital deaths. The overall 1-year mortality rate after an overdose was 2.8%. The intention of a medication overdose was most often self-harm, followed by inebriation. Over half of the overdoses were multidrug overdoses, and psychoactive medications were predominantly used. There were no in-hospital deaths related to medication overdoses.
北欧国家近期没有关于因药物过量导致急诊就诊的报告。本研究纳入了2021年期间前往芬兰坦佩雷大学医院急诊科就诊、国际疾病分类第十版（ICD - 10）编码为T36 - T50.9的所有患者。共识别出631名个体患者的803次急诊就诊，占2021年所有急诊就诊的0.7%。在这些就诊病例中，70%的药物过量意图是自我伤害，17%是醉酒，13%是其他原因。患者的平均年龄为35岁（范围1 - 95岁），63%为女性。在52%的就诊病例中，患者服用了不止一种药物。40%的就诊病例涉及苯二氮䓬类药物，其次是抗精神病药物（28%）、抗抑郁药物（19%）、对乙酰氨基酚（15%）和阿片类药物（13%）。26%的患者被收入重症监护或高依赖护理病房，但没有与药物过量相关的院内死亡病例。药物过量后的总体1年死亡率为2.8%。药物过量的意图最常见的是自我伤害，其次是醉酒。超过一半的过量用药是多种药物过量，且主要使用的是精神活性药物。没有与药物过量相关的院内死亡病例。
