Kalip Kamer, Toptaş Melik, Çulha Gönül, Balcı Mehmet, Öz Erdoğan, Demirkol Muhammed Emin
General Directorate of Public Health, Ankara, Türkiye.
Balkan Med J. 2025 May 5;42(3):254-261. doi: 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2025.2025-1-50.
Parvovirus B19 (B19V) infection occurs worldwide seasonally, especially in school-age children. Due to limited surveillance, clinicians report an increase of cases to identify outbreaks, while labs determine seropositivity rates. In 2024, B19V outbreak occurred in Türkiye and many other countries.
To estimate incidences of B19V infection in Türkiye from 2020 to 2024 using National Infectious Disease Surveillance and Early Warning System (IZCI) and to determine case fatality rate (CFR) during the 2024 outbreak period.
Retrospective descriptive study.
The number of cases was obtained from the syndromic surveillance of rash diseases in national database. All notifications with International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision diagnosis code "erythema infectiosum" within the syndromic surveillance were included in the study. All age groups were included in the study and no specific group was excluded. Annual estimated incidences were calculated for past 5 years. The distribution of cumulative incidence for the outbreak by age group and geographical regions was analysed. CFR was calculated for the outbreak period by using the proportion of people who have been diagnosed with B19V. Disease indicators were calculated as crude rates.
The estimated incidence in 2024 was 15.24 per 100,000. The peak of the outbreak was in May. The regions with the highest cumulative incidences during the outbreak period were the Black Sea, Marmara, and Central Anatolia. The highest cumulative incidence was 102.64 per 100,000 in 5-9 age group. The CFR was calculated as 0.0184% in the outbreak with 2 deaths out of 10,898 cases.
Türkiye has experienced the largest B19V outbreak between February and June 2024. This study showed the unusual scale of B19V post-pandemic, suggesting that such outbreaks can be expected after pandemics. The establishment of syndromic surveillance has proved critical for early outbreak detection and response.
细小病毒B19（B19V）感染在全球呈季节性发生，尤其是在学龄儿童中。由于监测有限，临床医生报告病例增加以识别疫情爆发，而实验室则确定血清阳性率。2024年，土耳其和许多其他国家都发生了B19V疫情。
利用国家传染病监测和预警系统（IZCI）估计2020年至2024年土耳其B19V感染的发病率，并确定2024年疫情爆发期间的病死率（CFR）。
回顾性描述性研究。
病例数来自国家数据库中皮疹疾病的症状监测。症状监测中所有诊断编码为国际疾病分类第10版“传染性红斑”的通报均纳入研究。所有年龄组均纳入研究，无特定组被排除。计算过去5年的年度估计发病率。分析疫情爆发时按年龄组和地理区域划分的累积发病率分布。通过使用已确诊B19V的人群比例计算疫情爆发期间的CFR。疾病指标按粗率计算。
2024年估计发病率为每10万人15.24例。疫情高峰在5月。疫情爆发期间累积发病率最高的地区是黑海、马尔马拉和安纳托利亚中部。5-9岁年龄组累积发病率最高，为每10万人102.64例。在10898例病例中有2例死亡，疫情爆发期间的CFR计算为0.0184%。
土耳其在2024年2月至6月期间经历了最大规模的B19V疫情。这项研究显示了B19V疫情后大流行的异常规模，表明在大流行后可能会出现此类疫情。症状监测的建立已被证明对早期疫情检测和应对至关重要。
