Milstrey Alexander, Eisfeld Leo-Lion, Köppe Jeanette, Minnerup Jens, Raschke Michael J, Ochman Sabine, Katthagen J Christoph
Klinik für Unfall‑, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Deutschland.
Institut für Biometrie und Klinische Forschung, Universität Münster, Münster, Deutschland.
Unfallchirurgie (Heidelb). 2025 May 6. doi: 10.1007/s00113-025-01582-x.
In the authors' opinion the prevalence of equinus foot deformities is an underestimated medical and socioeconomic problem that has not yet been adequately investigated. A dorsiflexion in the ankle joint of < 10° can lead to limitations in gait.
The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of equinus foot deformities based on the degree of restriction of dorsiflexion in the ankle joint in hospitalized patients.
In this cross-sectional study the active range of motion of the ankle joint in 205 patients at Münster University Hospital was prospectively examined with a goniometer. Included in the study were 136 trauma surgery and 69 neurology patients. The association of restricted dorsiflexion with other clinical parameters was investigated using the χ-test or Fischer's exact test. The significance level was set at p < 0.05.
In total, 205 patients with mean age of 59 years were included. There was a slight predominance of males (55.1%) in the gender distribution. The average dorsal extension of the ankle joint was 7.03°on the right side and 8.92° on the left side. Of the patients 72.2% had a dorsiflexion in the ankle joint of < 10°, 38.1% a dorsiflexion < 5° and 16.1% a dorsiflexion < 0° on at least one side. A relevant association between age, gender, duration of hospitalization and the reason for treatment with a restriction of dorsiflexion could not be observed.
The results suggest that restriction of dorsiflexion is a frequent problem in our group of trauma surgery and neurology patients. In particular, the presence of a manifest equinus deformity of the foot of > 10% that could not achieve the neutral position is a relevant finding.
在作者看来，马蹄足畸形的患病率是一个被低估的医学和社会经济问题，尚未得到充分研究。踝关节背屈小于10°会导致步态受限。
本研究的目的是根据住院患者踝关节背屈受限程度确定马蹄足畸形的患病率。
在这项横断面研究中，前瞻性地使用角度计检查了明斯特大学医院205例患者的踝关节主动活动范围。研究纳入了136例创伤外科患者和69例神经科患者。使用χ检验或费舍尔精确检验研究背屈受限与其他临床参数之间的关联。显著性水平设定为p<0.05。
总共纳入了205例平均年龄为59岁的患者。性别分布中男性略占优势（55.1%）。踝关节右侧平均背伸为7.03°，左侧为8.92°。至少一侧踝关节背屈小于10°的患者占72.2%，背屈小于5°的患者占38.1%，背屈小于0°的患者占16.1%。未观察到年龄、性别、住院时间和治疗原因与背屈受限之间存在显著关联。
结果表明，背屈受限在我们的创伤外科和神经科患者群体中是一个常见问题。特别是，明显的马蹄足畸形发生率超过10%且无法达到中立位是一个重要发现。
