Angelo Abiy Ayele, Adane Gashaw, Berta Dereje Mengesha, Cherie Negesse, Tamir Mebratu, Teketelew Bisrat Birke
Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Semin Oncol. 2025 Jun;52(3):152347. doi: 10.1016/j.seminoncol.2025.152347. Epub 2025 May 5.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological malignancy representing a very rapid, uncontrolled growth of myeloid precursors in the BM and peripheral circulation. Studies on AML have highlighted the crucial role of IFN-γ therapy in immune surveillance, both promotive and inhibitory effects on leukemic cells, and regulation of the tumor microenvironment. However, there is a need for a comprehensive understanding of the dual effects of IFN-γ in AML. Thus, this review aimed to assess the dual effects of IFN-γ in AML. Literature searches were conducted in Pub Med, Google Scholar, and direct Google Search. The data was presented in tables and figures, with findings summarized through a narrative synthesis. Depending on the circumstances and stage of the disease IFN-γ shows two different activities in AML patients. First, IFN-γ enhances NK cells and CD8T lymphocyte functions, which collectively evoke antileukemic immunity. Another promising effect of IFN-γ includes the differentiation of myeloid cells, thereby possibly reducing the severity of leukemia. However, prolonged exposure to IFN-γ can activate Treg cells and inhibitory immunological checkpoints, which can help leukemia evade immune surveillance and encounter an immunosuppressive environment. Our review highlights IFN-γ's critical role in the complex interplay between the immune system and AML pathogenesis. Its dual role in both inhibiting and promoting leukemic processes has been highlighted. However, future pre-clinical and clinical studies should focus on the specific mechanisms by which IFN-γ impacts AML progression and treatment outcomes, with the goal of achieving curative results for patients.
急性髓系白血病（AML）是一种血液系统恶性肿瘤，表现为骨髓（BM）和外周循环中髓系前体细胞的快速、不受控制的生长。对AML的研究突出了IFN-γ治疗在免疫监视中的关键作用，其对白血病细胞既有促进作用又有抑制作用，还能调节肿瘤微环境。然而，需要全面了解IFN-γ在AML中的双重作用。因此，本综述旨在评估IFN-γ在AML中的双重作用。在PubMed、谷歌学术和直接谷歌搜索中进行了文献检索。数据以表格和图表形式呈现，研究结果通过叙述性综合进行总结。根据疾病的情况和阶段，IFN-γ在AML患者中表现出两种不同的活性。首先，IFN-γ增强自然杀伤（NK）细胞和CD8 + T淋巴细胞的功能，共同引发抗白血病免疫。IFN-γ的另一个有前景的作用包括髓系细胞的分化，从而可能降低白血病的严重程度。然而，长时间暴露于IFN-γ会激活调节性T（Treg）细胞和抑制性免疫检查点，这有助于白血病逃避免疫监视并进入免疫抑制环境。我们的综述强调了IFN-γ在免疫系统与AML发病机制之间复杂相互作用中的关键作用。其在抑制和促进白血病进程中的双重作用已得到强调。然而，未来的临床前和临床研究应关注IFN-γ影响AML进展和治疗结果的具体机制，目标是为患者实现治愈效果。
