热敏单性结实4位点的一个反馈环控制热胁迫下番茄的坐果。

A feedback loop at the THERMOSENSITIVE PARTHENOCARPY 4 locus controls tomato fruit set under heat stress.

作者信息

Lu Xiaonan, Wu Jianxin, Shi QianQian, Sun Shuai, Cheng Yuan, Zhou Guozhi, Li Ren, Wang Huanzhong, van der Knaap Esther, Cui Xia

机构信息

State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.

State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.

出版信息

Nat Commun. 2025 May 6;16(1):4184. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-59522-7.

DOI:10.1038/s41467-025-59522-7

PMID:40328814

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12056112/

Abstract

High temperatures compromise crop productivity worldwide, but breeding bottlenecks slow the delivery of climate-resilient crops. By investigating tomato fruit set under high temperatures, we discover a module comprising two linked genes, THERMOSENSITIVE PARTHENOCARPY 4a (TSP4a) and TSP4b, which encode the transcriptional regulators IAA9 and AINTEGUMENTA (ANT), respectively, to control thermosensitive parthenocarpy. TSP4a and TSP4b form a positive feedback loop upon heat stress to repress auxin signaling in ovaries. Natural TSP4a and TSP4b alleles bear regulatory-region polymorphisms and are differentially expressed to overcome the trade-off between fruit set and wider plant development. Gene editing of the TSP4a promoter and TSP4b 3' UTR in open-chromatin regions results in expression down-regulation, increased parthenocarpy without yield penalties and maintenance of fruit-sugar levels without broad auxin-related pleiotropic defects in greenhouse-grown plants. These mechanistic insights into heat-induced parthenocarpy and auxin signaling in reproductive organs demonstrate breeding utility to safeguard tomato yield under warming scenarios.

摘要

高温影响全球作物产量，但育种瓶颈减缓了抗逆作物的培育进程。通过研究高温下番茄的坐果情况，我们发现了一个由两个连锁基因组成的模块，即热敏单性结实4a（TSP4a）和TSP4b，它们分别编码转录调节因子IAA9和INTEGUMENTA（ANT），以控制热敏单性结实。热胁迫时，TSP4a和TSP4b形成正反馈回路，抑制子房中的生长素信号。天然的TSP4a和TSP4b等位基因具有调控区域多态性，且表达存在差异，以克服坐果与更广泛植株发育之间的权衡。对开放染色质区域中的TSP4a启动子和TSP4b 3'非翻译区进行基因编辑，导致表达下调，单性结实增加且不影响产量，并在温室种植的植株中维持果实糖分水平，而无广泛的生长素相关多效性缺陷。这些对生殖器官中热诱导单性结实和生长素信号的机制性见解，证明了在变暖情况下保障番茄产量的育种实用性。