Li Daoyong, Zang Hengyi, Guan Zhichao, Yu Demiao
School of Architecture and Art, North China University of Technology, Beijing, 100144, China.
School of Architecture and Engineering, Shandong Vocational and Technical University of Engineering, Jinan, 250200, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 6;15(1):15823. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-97066-4.
In order to promote the development of the basic public service system, it also needs to enhance the affordability and fairness of surrounding communities of rail transit stations. Based on this, the example for this research has been selected as the area within the 6 th Ring Road of Beijing. This paper is aimed at finding out the difference between the openness of the environment around the rail transit station and the population density. This simulation and examination on rail transit station regions' accessibility employed the Gaussian-based two-step floating catchment area approach and the Gaode Map service Application Programming Interface (API) four transport modes: walking, cycling, driving a car, and taking public transport. By combining the calculation results with population distribution data, the current state of accessibility equity is assessed. The IPA analysis method is employed to determine the priority order for different area modifications and to propose corresponding suggestions for optimization. The findings are as follows: (1) Within the urban core and urban sub-center area, accessibility is higher compared to other regions across different travel modes; (2) Within the study area, there is a significant positive correlation between the accessibility of rail transit station areas and the travel mode; (3) Within the maturely developed areas, there are notable differences in the equity and accessibility of rail transit station areas across different travel modes. According to the Gini coefficient, accessibility is most equitable when traveling by car or bicycle, and least equitable when traveling on foot or by public transit; (4) Local bivariate spatial correlation analysis indicates that cycling and driving can improve the accessibility equity within the urban core compared to walking and public transit; (5) Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) results show that the area from western fringe area of the urban core has the highest priority for redevelopment, and the accessibility equity northern fringe of the city can be improved by promoting cycling to enhance accessibility of walking and public transit. The findings of this study can be applied to urban rail transit accessibility improvement projects.
为促进基本公共服务体系的发展，还需要提高轨道交通站点周边社区的可及性和公平性。基于此，本研究选取北京六环以内区域作为实例。本文旨在找出轨道交通站点周边环境的开放性与人口密度之间的差异。本研究对轨道交通站点区域可达性的模拟与检验采用基于高斯的两步浮动集水区法和高德地图服务应用程序编程接口（API）的四种交通方式：步行、骑行、驾车和乘坐公共交通。通过将计算结果与人口分布数据相结合，评估可达性公平性的现状。采用重要性-绩效分析（IPA）方法确定不同区域改造的优先顺序，并提出相应的优化建议。研究结果如下：（1）在城市核心区和城市副中心区域内，与其他区域相比，不同出行方式的可达性更高；（2）在研究区域内，轨道交通站点区域的可达性与出行方式之间存在显著的正相关关系；（3）在成熟发达地区，不同出行方式下轨道交通站点区域的公平性和可达性存在显著差异。根据基尼系数，驾车或骑自行车出行时可达性最公平，步行或乘坐公共交通出行时最不公平；（4）局部双变量空间相关性分析表明，与步行和公共交通相比，骑行和驾车可以提高城市核心区内的可达性公平性；（5）重要性-绩效分析（IPA）结果表明，城市核心区西部边缘区域的再开发优先级最高，通过促进骑行以提高步行和公共交通的可达性，可以改善城市北部边缘的可达性公平性。本研究结果可应用于城市轨道交通可达性改善项目。
