Safwat Nesreen, Elshimy Rana, Hassanin Soha O, El-Manakhly Arwa Ramadan, Noaf Abdullah N, Mansour Abdallah Tageldein, Alshehri Fatma, Alhomrani Majid, Alamri Abdulhakeem S, Bendary Mahmoud Mohammed
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alhram Canadian University, Giza, Egypt.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2025 Apr 22;15:1493769. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2025.1493769. eCollection 2025.
Septicemia, a life-threatening condition, can arise when bacterial infections are left untreated, allowing the pathogens to spread into the bloodstream. Moreover, infections caused by MDR bacteria are particularly challenging, as they can persist and lead to septicemia even when treated with conventional antibiotics. This study aimed to address this crisis by investigating combination therapies using desert-adapted medicinal plant extracts, including , , , and , as alternative treatments. The goal was to develop new strategies to combat resistance and improve the management of septic patients.
In this study, 400 blood samples from septic patients were analyzed to identify Gram-negative bacterial isolates. Antimicrobial resistance patterns were assessed using standard susceptibility tests. Medicinal plant extracts were evaluated for antimicrobial activity using agar diffusion and broth microdilution assays, while COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition and antioxidant activity were measured using assays. Histopathological examinations were conducted on treated mice to assess tissue damage and response.
We observed a high prevalence of and among septic patients. Multidrug resistance was widespread, with many isolates showing high resistance to various antibiotics, although all were susceptible to colistin. Evaluation of desert-adapted plant extracts revealed that exhibited the most potent antimicrobial activity and the strongest COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitory activities, as well as antioxidant effects, compared to other extracts and Celecoxib, with a concentration required to achieve 50% enzyme inhibition (IC) value of 71.97 μg/mL for antioxidant activity. Moreover, the combination of this extract with amikacin showed a synergistic effect, significantly enhancing antimicrobial efficacy and converting over 50% of amikacin-resistant strains to sensitive phenotypes. Histopathological analysis of mice showed that the combination of extract and amikacin resulted in reduced severity of pulmonary lesions and splenic damage compared to amikacin alone.
We highlighted the potential of extracts as combination therapies alongside traditional antibiotics for combating MDR Gram-negative infections, due to their superior antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties.
败血症是一种危及生命的疾病，当细菌感染未得到治疗时就可能发生，使病原体扩散到血液中。此外，由多重耐药菌引起的感染尤其具有挑战性，因为即使使用传统抗生素治疗，它们仍可能持续存在并导致败血症。本研究旨在通过研究使用适应沙漠环境的药用植物提取物（包括 、 、 和 ）的联合疗法来应对这一危机，作为替代治疗方法。目标是制定新策略来对抗耐药性并改善败血症患者的治疗管理。
在本研究中，对400份败血症患者的血液样本进行分析以鉴定革兰氏阴性菌分离株。使用标准药敏试验评估抗菌耐药模式。使用琼脂扩散法和肉汤微量稀释法评估药用植物提取物的抗菌活性，同时使用 试验测量COX - 1和COX - 2抑制作用以及抗氧化活性。对治疗后的小鼠进行组织病理学检查以评估组织损伤和反应。
我们观察到败血症患者中 和 的高流行率。多重耐药广泛存在，许多分离株对各种抗生素表现出高耐药性，尽管所有分离株对黏菌素敏感。对适应沙漠环境的植物提取物的评估显示，与其他提取物和塞来昔布相比， 表现出最有效的抗菌活性、最强的COX - 1和COX - 2抑制活性以及抗氧化作用，其实现50%酶抑制（IC）值所需的抗氧化活性浓度为71.97μg/mL。此外，该提取物与阿米卡星的组合显示出协同作用，显著提高抗菌效果并使超过50%的耐阿米卡星菌株转变为敏感表型。小鼠的组织病理学分析表明，与单独使用阿米卡星相比， 提取物和阿米卡星的组合导致肺部病变和脾脏损伤的严重程度降低。
我们强调了 提取物作为与传统抗生素联合治疗以对抗多重耐药革兰氏阴性感染的潜力，因为它们具有卓越的抗菌、抗炎和抗氧化特性。
