Cota Medeiros F, Méndez-López A, Correia de Abreu R, Sarmento E Castro R, Maltez F, Antunes F
Serviço de Doenças Infecciosas, Unidade Local de Saúde de Santa Maria - Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal.
ISAMB - Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
HIV Med. 2025 Jul;26(7):1096-1107. doi: 10.1111/hiv.70039. Epub 2025 May 7.
Stigma and discrimination against people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) within healthcare settings remain significant barriers to effective care. Stigmatizing attitudes persist among healthcare professionals, potentially undermining care quality. This study aimed to assess HIV-related knowledge and attitudes among healthcare professionals in Portugal, focusing on identifying factors associated with stigma.
This study was part of a European survey by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the European AIDS Clinical Society (EACS). Data were collected via an online self-administered questionnaire between September and December 2023, targeting healthcare professionals in Portugal. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression were used to assess associations between sociodemographic characteristics, HIV knowledge and stigma.
A total of 807 healthcare professionals participated in the study, with a majority being women (78%), and a mean age of 43.5 years. Most respondents were nurses (38%) and doctors (28%), worked in hospitals (54%) or primary healthcare centres (31%). The analysis showed that healthcare professionals working in HIV-dedicated departments, hospitals or community centres exhibited significantly higher levels of HIV-related knowledge. In contrast, female professionals, those over 40 years old and non-doctor professionals were less likely to demonstrate high HIV-related knowledge. Regarding stigma, professionals with limited HIV training and lower HIV knowledge were more likely to display higher levels of stigma.
These findings highlight the need for targeted educational interventions to reduce stigma. Strengthening HIV-specific training, especially in stigma reduction, is crucial for improving care for PLHIV and fostering an inclusive healthcare environment.
在医疗环境中，对人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染者的耻辱感和歧视仍然是有效治疗的重大障碍。医疗专业人员中歧视性态度依然存在，这可能会损害医疗质量。本研究旨在评估葡萄牙医疗专业人员对HIV的相关知识和态度，重点是确定与耻辱感相关的因素。
本研究是欧洲疾病预防控制中心（ECDC）和欧洲艾滋病临床学会（EACS）开展的一项欧洲调查的一部分。2023年9月至12月期间，通过在线自填问卷收集数据，目标人群为葡萄牙的医疗专业人员。采用描述性统计、卡方检验和多因素逻辑回归分析来评估社会人口学特征、HIV知识与耻辱感之间的关联。
共有807名医疗专业人员参与了该研究，其中大多数为女性（78%），平均年龄为43.5岁。大多数受访者是护士（38%）和医生（28%），在医院工作的占54%，在初级医疗保健中心工作的占31%。分析表明，在专门的HIV科室、医院或社区中心工作的医疗专业人员对HIV的相关知识水平显著更高。相比之下，女性专业人员、40岁以上的专业人员和非医生专业人员表现出较高HIV相关知识的可能性较小。关于耻辱感，接受HIV培训有限且HIV知识较少的专业人员更有可能表现出较高程度的耻辱感。
这些研究结果凸显了开展有针对性的教育干预以减少耻辱感的必要性。加强针对HIV的培训，尤其是减少耻辱感方面的培训，对于改善对HIV感染者的治疗以及营造包容的医疗环境至关重要。
