Alkalbani Ali, Alharrasi Maryam, Natarajan Jansi, Aldiabat Khaldoun, Badi Ammar Al, Rumhi Amjad Al, Alqassabi Khalid, Aamri Nawal Al, Omari Omar Al
Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman.
College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, BO. Box 66, Muscat, Oman.
BMC Psychol. 2025 Jul 1;13(1):645. doi: 10.1186/s40359-025-02953-0.
Stigma is an experienced or anticipated social practice or negative labeling described as the blame or rejection of a person or group of people. Chronic diseases such as HIV/AIDS could result in stigma and contribute to negative health outcomes. An individual with chronic disease may experience public stigma from family members, coworkers, friends, or healthcare staff, especially those with hereditary diseases. There are few published articles concerning hereditary chronic diseases that recognize this issue in Oman. This study aims to assess university students' anticipated stigma toward individuals with hereditary chronic diseases. Stigma is defined as negative labeling described as the blame or rejection of a person or group of people.
A cross-sectional study was performed at a higher education institution aged 18-30 years via a self-administered questionnaire. The study assessed university students' anticipated stigma toward individuals with hereditary chronic diseases using the Chronic Illness Anticipated Stigma Scale (CIASS), which has been adapted in this context to explore attitudes in a non-patient population A total of 407 students completed the survey. The majority (93.9%) of respondents were male, and 42.5% were 21 to 24 years of age.
The main findings of this study are that the anticipated stigma is high towards chronic hereditary diseases and Coworkers and employers were found to stigmatize patients with the chronic disease more than health care providers, family members, and friends. The majority (63.1%) of participants anticipated stigma with hereditary chronic diseases. Those who do not suffer from hereditary chronic diseases have a higher anticipated stigma than those who do suffer from hereditary chronic diseases. The highest mean scores were in the category of coworkers and employers (M = 9.55 ± 2.994), followed by the health care providers (M = 9.15 ± 3.433). The lowest scores were for family and friends (M = 8.46 ± 2.935). Students who did not suffer from hereditary chronic diseases (F (1,404) = 4.328, p =.038), students who were unaware of the premarital screening (PMS) (F (2,402) = 3.385, p =.035), and those who were unwilling to undergo PMS (F (1,405) = 9.342, p =.002) showed higher stigma scores.
Providing supportive help for individuals with hereditary chronic illnesses is imperative and needs to be incorporated within their plan of care. Further studies are needed to investigate all these factors and how they are related to the stigma of chronic diseases.
耻辱感是一种实际经历或预期会出现的社会行为或负面标签，被描述为对一个人或一群人的指责或排斥。诸如艾滋病毒/艾滋病等慢性疾病可能导致耻辱感，并导致不良健康后果。患有慢性疾病的个体可能会受到家庭成员、同事、朋友或医护人员的公众耻辱对待，尤其是那些患有遗传性疾病的人。在阿曼，很少有已发表的文章涉及认识到这一问题的遗传性慢性疾病。本研究旨在评估大学生对患有遗传性慢性疾病个体的预期耻辱感。耻辱感被定义为对一个人或一群人的指责或排斥的负面标签。
在一所高等教育机构对18至30岁的人群进行了一项横断面研究，采用自填式问卷。该研究使用慢性病预期耻辱量表（CIASS）评估大学生对患有遗传性慢性疾病个体的预期耻辱感，该量表在此背景下进行了调整以探索非患者人群的态度。共有407名学生完成了调查。大多数（93.9%）受访者为男性，42.5%的年龄在21至24岁之间。
本研究的主要发现是，对慢性遗传性疾病的预期耻辱感较高，并且发现同事和雇主比医护人员、家庭成员和朋友更歧视患有慢性疾病的患者。大多数（63.1%）参与者预期会对遗传性慢性疾病产生耻辱感。未患有遗传性慢性疾病的人比患有遗传性慢性疾病的人有更高的预期耻辱感。平均得分最高的是同事和雇主类别（M = 9.55 ± 2.994），其次是医护人员（M = 9.15 ± 3.433）。得分最低的是家人和朋友（M = 8.46 ± 2.935）。未患有遗传性慢性疾病的学生（F(1,404) = 4.328，p = 0.038）、不了解婚前筛查（PMS）的学生（F(2,402) = 3.385，p = 0.035）以及不愿意接受婚前筛查的学生（F(1,405) = 9.342，p = 0.002）表现出更高的耻辱感得分。
为患有遗传性慢性疾病的个体提供支持性帮助势在必行，并且需要纳入他们的护理计划中。需要进一步研究来调查所有这些因素以及它们与慢性疾病耻辱感的关系。
