von Hippel Barbara, Stoof-Leichsenring Kathleen R, Çabuk Uğur, Liu Sisi, Melles Martin, Herzschuh Ulrike
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Polar Terrestrial Environmental Systems, Potsdam, Germany.
Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
Sci Adv. 2025 May 9;11(19):eadj5527. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adj5527. Epub 2025 May 7.
Warming-induced glacier retreat exposes bare rocks and glacial sediments, facilitating the establishment of soils. The dynamic interplay between climate, vegetation cover, and soil formation is poorly understood as time-series data are lacking. Here, we present postglacial soil formation during the past 23,000 years inferred from ancient DNA shotgun analyses of Lake Lama sediments targeting plants, soil-associated fungi, and bacteria showing postmortem damage signatures that verify their ancient origin. In the Late Glacial, we reveal basaltic weathering with high abundances of lichens, carbon, and arsenic cyclers, shifting to mycorrhizae domination and N cycling in the Holocene. We reconstruct podzolization starting with spruce forest migration in the Holocene, resulting in soil acidification and increased iron cycling. Our reconstruction of soil formation also contributes basic knowledge for the design of carbon-capture strategies using basalt weathering.
气候变暖导致冰川消退，使裸岩和冰川沉积物暴露出来，有利于土壤的形成。由于缺乏时间序列数据，人们对气候、植被覆盖和土壤形成之间的动态相互作用了解甚少。在这里，我们通过对拉马湖沉积物进行古DNA鸟枪法分析，推断出过去23000年的冰后期土壤形成过程，该分析针对植物、与土壤相关的真菌和细菌，显示出死后损伤特征，证实了它们的古代起源。在晚冰期，我们发现玄武岩风化伴随着大量地衣、碳和砷循环菌，在全新世转变为菌根主导和氮循环。我们重建了始于全新世云杉林迁移的灰化过程，导致土壤酸化和铁循环增加。我们对土壤形成的重建也为利用玄武岩风化设计碳捕获策略提供了基础知识。
