Mizani Azadeh, Taherkhani Parastoo, Kia Lashaki Elham, Hosseini Seyed Abdollah, Basirpour Bahareh, Dodangeh Samira
Department of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Clinical Research Development Unit, Qods Hospital, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
J Equine Vet Sci. 2025 Jul;150:105596. doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2025.105596. Epub 2025 May 5.
Giardia duodenalis as a common zoonotic parasite is a public health problem infecting humans and a wide range of animals, including horses. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the global pooled prevalence of Giardia infection in horses. Literature searches were conducted using databases including Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Web of Science and ProQuest to December 2023. A random-effect model was performed to calculate the pooled prevalence and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) according to the degree of heterogeneity in the included studies. Of 2661 articles, approximately 27 articles were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of giardiasis in horses using the random effect method was 8.93% (95% CI = 5.98% to 12.42%). There were significant differences between the giardiasis prevalence in different continent, countries and ages of horses. The highest and lowest prevalence of giardiasis was found in Europe (12.24%) and Africa (0 %), respectively. The prevalence of Giardia was significantly higher in horses <3 years of ages. Based on the diagnostic method, the highest and lowest incidence of horse Giardia infection was detected by immunological assays (9.24%) and molecular methods (7.87%), respectively. The result of our study showed that assemblage B is the most common genotype in horses followed by assemblage A and E. Due to the widespread use of horses on farms or for recreational riding, data on the source of infection, prevalence, transmission mechanisms, and genotype are crucial for the establishment of control and prevention strategies.
十二指肠贾第虫作为一种常见的人畜共患寄生虫，是一个影响人类及包括马在内的多种动物的公共卫生问题。本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在估计全球马匹贾第虫感染的合并患病率。检索了Scopus、ScienceDirect、PubMed、Web of Science和ProQuest等数据库至2023年12月的文献。根据纳入研究的异质性程度，采用随机效应模型计算合并患病率及相应的95%置信区间（CI）。在2661篇文章中，约27篇符合纳入荟萃分析的条件。采用随机效应方法得出马匹贾第虫病的合并患病率为8.93%（95%CI = 5.98%至12.42%）。不同大陆、国家和年龄的马匹贾第虫病患病率存在显著差异。贾第虫病患病率最高和最低的地区分别是欧洲（12.24%）和非洲（0%）。3岁以下马匹的贾第虫患病率显著更高。基于诊断方法，马匹贾第虫感染的最高和最低发病率分别通过免疫测定法（9.24%）和分子方法（7.87%）检测到。我们的研究结果表明，B型是马匹中最常见的基因型，其次是A型和E型。由于马匹在农场广泛使用或用于休闲骑行，关于感染源、患病率、传播机制和基因型的数据对于制定控制和预防策略至关重要。
