Ye Jia-You, Chang Li-Fang, Chen Ruey, Arifin Hidayat, Wang Chia-Hui, Chiang Kai-Jo, Banda Kondwani J, Chou Kuei-Ru
School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan.
School of Nursing, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
Age Ageing. 2025 May 3;54(5). doi: 10.1093/ageing/afaf114.
Cognitive impairment, dementia and sarcopenia significantly reduce the quality of life in middle-aged and older adults by impairing daily functioning, making cognitive decline a major concern for healthcare professionals.
To estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia and probable sarcopenia in middle-aged and older adults with cognitive impairment.
Six databases-Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus and Web of Science was conducted through February 2025. Cohort and cross-sectional studies included, and a random-effects model was used for pooled prevalence analysis. Cognitive impairment is a decline in cognitive functions, including memory, attention and executive function, covering mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Sarcopenia is decreased skeletal muscle mass and function, assessed by muscle strength or physical performance.
A total of 67 studies involving 23 532 participants revealed a pooled sarcopenia prevalence of 30.1% and a probable sarcopenia prevalence of 40.5%. Additionally, amongst adults aged 65 and older, the prevalence of sarcopenia was 32.7%. The prevalence of sarcopenia varied by setting: 25.3% in community-dwelling populations, 35.5% in hospitals and 41.5% in institutional settings. Moderating factors included age, female, body mass index, comorbidities and risk factors such as depression, diabetes, hypertension, malnutrition, osteoarthritis, alcohol consumption and smoking.
Approximately one-third of middle-aged and older adults with cognitive impairment demonstrate to have sarcopenia. Early detection and tailored interventions by public health professionals are crucial, particularly for individuals with mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Enhanced preventive strategies are essential to improving outcomes and reducing healthcare costs.
认知障碍、痴呆和肌肉减少症通过损害日常功能，显著降低了中老年人的生活质量，使认知衰退成为医疗保健专业人员主要关注的问题。
评估认知障碍的中老年人肌肉减少症和疑似肌肉减少症的患病率。
截至2025年2月，检索了六个数据库——Embase、Ovid MEDLINE、PubMed、CINAHL、Scopus和Web of Science。纳入队列研究和横断面研究，并使用随机效应模型进行合并患病率分析。认知障碍是指认知功能下降，包括记忆、注意力和执行功能，涵盖轻度认知障碍和痴呆。肌肉减少症是指骨骼肌质量和功能下降，通过肌肉力量或身体表现进行评估。
共有67项研究涉及23532名参与者，结果显示肌肉减少症的合并患病率为30.1%，疑似肌肉减少症的患病率为40.5%。此外，在65岁及以上的成年人中，肌肉减少症的患病率为32.7%。肌肉减少症的患病率因环境而异：社区居住人群中为25.3%，医院中为35.5%，机构环境中为41.5%。调节因素包括年龄、女性、体重指数、合并症以及抑郁、糖尿病、高血压、营养不良、骨关节炎、饮酒和吸烟等风险因素。
大约三分之一的认知障碍中老年人患有肌肉减少症。公共卫生专业人员进行早期检测和针对性干预至关重要，特别是对于轻度认知障碍和痴呆患者。加强预防策略对于改善结果和降低医疗成本至关重要。
