Effect of deubiquitinases in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (Review).

HNSCC includes nasopharyngeal, laryngeal and oral cancers, and its pathogenesis is influenced by various factors. As an essential part of the ubiquitin (Ub)-proteasome system (UPS), deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) maintain the homeostasis of Ub molecules and influence the physiological functions of cells and disease processes by removing ubiquitinated proteins. Accumulating evidence has confirmed that the aberrant expression of DUBs is involved in cell proliferation, metastasis, and apoptosis during the development of HNSCC, with some acting as oncogenes and others as tumor-suppressor genes. In this review, the DUBs implicated in HNSCC were summarized and the mechanisms underlying abnormal DUBs expression in signaling pathways were discussed. In addition, given the important role of DUBs in tumorigenesis, recent studies were reviewed and agonists and inhibitors of DUBs were summarized to identify more effective therapeutic strategies.