Wei Wei, Li Yan, Zhu Jinwei
School of Teacher Development, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Faculty of Education, Shaanxi Xueqian Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Front Psychol. 2025 Apr 23;16:1566612. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1566612. eCollection 2025.
This study aims to explore the differences in psychological traits between rural poor individuals from self-assessment and external assessment perspectives, and to examine the correlation between the main socio-demographic factors of the poor population and their psychological traits. The ultimate goal is to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of effective poverty alleviation policies and to promote the development of poverty psychology and anti-poverty psychology.
The study involved 1,943 poor individuals and 1,889 non-poor individuals from over 80 natural villages across eight provinces(regions) in central China (Shanxi, Henan, Hubei), northwestern China (Shaanxi, Xinjiang, Qinghai), and southwestern China (Guizhou and Yunnan). The psychological trait levels of the poor rural population were assessed using the "Rural poor Population Psychological Trait Assessment Questionnaire."
Independent samples t-test showed that, from both self-assessment and external assessment perspectives, the poor population scored significantly higher on traits of retractability and stubbornness, while scoring significantly lower on the trait of grit compared to the non-poor population. The results of hierarchical linear regression indicated that socio-demographic factors such as age, health status, family size, and the poverty degree of the poor individuals contributed to 5.2% of the variance in the formation of psychological traits among the rural poor population.
From both self-assessment and external assessment perspectives, significant differences were observed between the poor and non-poor populations in terms of their evaluations on traits of retractability, grit, and stubbornness. This indicates that there is a notable disparity between the poor individuals' own perceptions and cognitions and the external evaluations they receive. The socio-demographic factors of rural poor individuals contribute only 5.2% to the variance in the formation of their psychological traits. This suggests that the deeper socio-cultural roots underlying the formation of psychological traits in the poor population await further exploration.
本研究旨在从自我评估和外部评估的角度探讨农村贫困人口心理特质的差异，并考察贫困人口主要社会人口学因素与其心理特质之间的相关性。最终目的是为制定有效的扶贫政策提供科学依据，推动贫困心理学和反贫困心理学的发展。
本研究涉及中国中部（山西、河南、湖北）、西北部（陕西、新疆、青海）和西南部（贵州、云南）八个省份（地区）80多个自然村落的1943名贫困人口和1889名非贫困人口。使用“农村贫困人口心理特质评估问卷”对农村贫困人口的心理特质水平进行评估。
独立样本t检验显示，从自我评估和外部评估的角度来看，贫困人口在退缩性和固执性特质上的得分显著高于非贫困人口，而在坚毅性特质上的得分显著低于非贫困人口。分层线性回归结果表明，年龄、健康状况、家庭规模和贫困人口的贫困程度等社会人口学因素对农村贫困人口心理特质形成的方差贡献率为5.2%。
从自我评估和外部评估的角度来看，贫困人口和非贫困人口在退缩性、坚毅性和固执性特质的评价上存在显著差异。这表明贫困人口自身的认知与他们所获得的外部评价之间存在明显差距。农村贫困人口的社会人口学因素对其心理特质形成的方差贡献率仅为5.2%。这表明贫困人口心理特质形成背后更深层次的社会文化根源有待进一步探索。
