Liang Wenzi, Mai Chang, Yuan Yuandong, Chen Xiuwen, Cai Bozhi, Ni Na, Zhuang Chutong, Lin Changmin, Huang Keng
Department of Histology and Embryology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
Hepatological Surgery Department, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Huizhou, People's Republic of China.
J Mol Histol. 2025 May 8;56(3):150. doi: 10.1007/s10735-025-10420-8.
Autologous free flap transplantation is the most economical and effective method for clinical treatment of large-area trauma, but the shortage of flap donors prevents widespread use of this method. Hair follicle stem cells have great potential to repair wounds, but wound repair by hair follicle stem cells has not yet met expectations. We used a wound model of Bama mini-pigs and treated the wound with autologous hair follicles or flaps. The wound healing was observed on days 7, 14, and 21 post-surgery and wound healing rates were analyzed using Image J software. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to evaluate re-epithelialization of the wound. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression of hair follicle stem cell markers (CK15, Sox9) and explore the mechanism of wound repair. This research found that autologous hair follicles can accelerate wound healing. The efficiency of hair follicles in wound repair is related to their structure. Dermal papilla acts as a biological barrier to hair follicle-mediated wound repair. Dermal papilla removal enhances wound healing efficiency, likely by relieving dermal papilla-imposed restrictions on hair follicle stem cell migration. Autologous hair follicles for wound repair has the advantages of minimal damage, simple fabrication, and abundant source, which may be able to replace the flap transplantation as a therapeutic strategy in the future. This study is helpful to elucidate the regulatory mechanism of hair follicles involved in wound repair, and has important academic and clinical value for solving the problem of shortage flap donor.
自体游离皮瓣移植是临床治疗大面积创伤最经济有效的方法，但皮瓣供体的短缺阻碍了该方法的广泛应用。毛囊干细胞具有巨大的伤口修复潜力，但毛囊干细胞的伤口修复效果尚未达到预期。我们使用巴马小型猪的伤口模型，用自体毛囊或皮瓣治疗伤口。在术后第7天、14天和21天观察伤口愈合情况，并使用Image J软件分析伤口愈合率。进行苏木精-伊红染色以评估伤口的再上皮化。免疫荧光染色用于检测毛囊干细胞标志物（CK15、Sox9）的表达，并探索伤口修复机制。本研究发现自体毛囊可加速伤口愈合。毛囊在伤口修复中的效率与其结构有关。真皮乳头作为毛囊介导的伤口修复的生物屏障。去除真皮乳头可提高伤口愈合效率，可能是通过减轻真皮乳头对毛囊干细胞迁移的限制。自体毛囊用于伤口修复具有损伤小、制作简单、来源丰富等优点，未来可能能够替代皮瓣移植作为一种治疗策略。本研究有助于阐明毛囊参与伤口修复的调控机制，对解决皮瓣供体短缺问题具有重要的学术和临床价值。
