Bouafir Yesmine, Bouhenna Mustapha Mounir, Nebbak Amira, Belfarhi Leila, Aouzal Badis, Boufahja Fehmi, Bendif Hamdi, Bruno Maurizio
Centre de Recherche Scientifique et Technique en Analyses Physico-Chimiques (CRAPC), BP384, Bou-Ismail 42004, Tipaza, Algeria.
Research Laboratory of Interactions, Biodiversity, Ecosystems and Biotechnology (LIBEB), Department of Nature and Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University 20 August 1955 Skikda, Skikda 21000, Algeria.
Fitoterapia. 2025 Jun;183:106591. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106591. Epub 2025 May 6.
Bioactive compounds derived from marine algae drawn increasing interest in pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and cosmetics due to their wide range of therapeutic properties. These natural molecules, which include polysaccharides, polyphenols, phlorotannins, carotenoids, and pigments, exhibit potent antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antitumor activities. Algal bioactives are safer and more sustainable options for drug discovery since they often have less negative effects than synthesized compounds. This review highlights the structural diversity of algal biomolecules and their mechanisms of action, with emphasis on validated bioactivities supported by recent studies. It also critically examines challenges such as the low bioavailability of high-molecular-weight compounds like fucoidans, variability in metabolite production linked to environmental factors, and limitations in scalable extraction processes. Recent advances in nano-encapsulation, metabolic engineering, and eco-friendly extraction methods are explored as promising strategies to enhance bioavailability and industrial applicability. By integrating traditional knowledge with biotechnological innovations, this review underscores the underexploited potential of macroalgae in addressing chronic diseases and the urgent need for standardized protocols to facilitate the clinical translation of algal-derived bioactives.
源自海藻的生物活性化合物因其广泛的治疗特性而在制药、营养保健品和化妆品领域引起了越来越多的关注。这些天然分子，包括多糖、多酚、褐藻多酚、类胡萝卜素和色素，具有强大的抗氧化、抗菌、抗炎、抗病毒和抗肿瘤活性。藻类生物活性物质是药物发现中更安全、更可持续的选择，因为它们通常比合成化合物具有更少的负面影响。本综述强调了藻类生物分子的结构多样性及其作用机制，重点是近期研究支持的已验证生物活性。它还批判性地审视了一些挑战，如岩藻聚糖等高分子量化合物的低生物利用度、与环境因素相关的代谢物产量变化以及可扩展提取过程的局限性。纳米封装、代谢工程和环保提取方法的最新进展被探索为提高生物利用度和工业适用性的有前景的策略。通过将传统知识与生物技术创新相结合，本综述强调了大型海藻在解决慢性病方面未被充分利用的潜力，以及制定标准化方案以促进藻类衍生生物活性物质临床转化的迫切需求。
