Wang Shouying, Wei Junjun, Zhang Panpan, Song Jie, Chen Jilong, Li Genqiang
School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
School of Health Management, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 8;15(1):16101. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-00936-0.
Health-promoting behaviors are essential for college students as they develop lifelong health habits. To investigate how to cultivate health-promoting behaviors among college students, this study aimed to investigate the influence of proactive personality on health-promoting behaviors and to explore the mediating roles of self-efficacy and health literacy through a cross-sectional study. A total of 664 college students from six colleges in Xinxiang, China, were conveniently sampled to complete questionnaires, including the Proactive Personality Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, 12-item Short-Form Health Literacy Scale, and Short-Form Health Promotion Scale. Path analysis indicated that proactive personality was directly associated with health-promoting behaviors (effect value: 0.146). The mediating roles of self-efficacy (effect value: 0.165) and health literacy (effect value: 0.080) were significant. A chain mediating effect of self-efficacy and health literacy was also observed (effect value: 0.028). The positive effect of proactive personality (β = 0.146, P < 0.001), self-efficacy (β = 0.421, P < 0.001) and health literacy (β = 0.234, P < 0.001) on health-promoting behaviors was significant. These findings suggest that self-efficacy and health literacy play a chain mediating role between proactive personality and health-promoting behavior. Future interventions should target proactive personality, self-efficacy, and health literacy to enhance health-promoting behaviors in college students.
促进健康的行为对于大学生培养终身健康习惯至关重要。为了研究如何在大学生中培养促进健康的行为，本研究旨在通过横断面研究调查积极人格对促进健康行为的影响，并探讨自我效能感和健康素养的中介作用。从中国新乡六所高校中方便抽样选取了664名大学生，完成包括积极人格量表、一般自我效能感量表、12项简短健康素养量表和简短健康促进量表在内的问卷调查。路径分析表明，积极人格与促进健康行为直接相关（效应值：0.146）。自我效能感（效应值：0.165）和健康素养（效应值：0.080）的中介作用显著。还观察到自我效能感和健康素养的链式中介效应（效应值：0.028）。积极人格（β = 0.146，P < 0.001）、自我效能感（β = 0.421，P < 0.001）和健康素养（β = 0.234，P < 0.001）对促进健康行为的积极影响显著。这些发现表明，自我效能感和健康素养在积极人格与促进健康行为之间起链式中介作用。未来的干预措施应针对积极人格、自我效能感和健康素养，以增强大学生的促进健康行为。
