Ziyadullaev Shukhrat Khudaiberdievich, Khudaiberdiev Shavkat Shukhratovich, Aripova Tamara Uktamovna, Chirumbolo Salvatore, Kamalov Zaynitdin Saifitdinovich, Bjørklund Geir, Rizaev Jasur Alimdjanovich, Tashkenbaeva Eleonora Negmatovna, Khamidov Obid Abdurakhmanovich, Gaffarov Usmon Bobonazarovich
Institute of Immunology and Human Genomics, Academy of Sciences, Tashkent 100060, Uzbekistan.
Department of Medical Lab, Medical School, Central Asian University, Tashkent 111221, Uzbekistan.
Immune Netw. 2025 Feb 5;25(2):e2. doi: 10.4110/in.2025.25.e2. eCollection 2025 Apr.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease closely associated with synovial tissue proliferation, pannus formation in small joints such as the hands, wrists, and feet, cartilage destruction, and systemic complications such as pulmonary, cardiovascular, neurological, and skeletal muscle lesions, glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and infections. The importance of confirming the diagnosis and determining local activity is given to the study of synovial fluid. A deep understanding of the pathological process in the joint in RA, characterized by changes in autoreactive CD4+ T cells, B cells, macrophages, inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and autoantibodies, has now been achieved, although much remains to be explored. This article provides an updated overview of the pathogenesis of RA, revealing even more therapeutic targets for the intra-articular pathological process.
类风湿关节炎（RA）是一种全身性自身免疫性疾病，与滑膜组织增生、手部、腕部和足部等小关节的血管翳形成、软骨破坏以及肺部、心血管、神经和骨骼肌病变、糖皮质激素诱导的骨质疏松症和感染等全身性并发症密切相关。滑膜液研究对于确诊和确定局部活动情况具有重要意义。尽管仍有许多有待探索之处，但目前已经对类风湿关节炎关节中的病理过程有了深入了解，其特征为自身反应性CD4 + T细胞、B细胞、巨噬细胞、炎性细胞因子、趋化因子和自身抗体的变化。本文提供了类风湿关节炎发病机制的最新综述，揭示了更多针对关节内病理过程的治疗靶点。
