Rezar Vida, Pal Manca Pečjak, Levart Alenka, Nemec Svete Alenka, Pirman Tatjana, Salobir Janez, Leskovec Jakob
Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Clinic for Surgery and Small Animal Medicine, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Front Physiol. 2025 Apr 24;16:1594095. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2025.1594095. eCollection 2025.
The study examined the combined effects of a diet high in n-3 PUFAs and cyclic heat stress (HS) considering two levels of dietary antioxidants. A total of 192 one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers were divided into eight groups in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design: thermoneutral (TN) or heat-stressed (34°C ± 1°C for 7 h/day from day 22) × fed a diet low in antioxidants (NRC group) or high in antioxidants (HAOX group; supplemented with a mixture of 200 IU/kg vitamin E, 250 mg/kg vitamin C and 0.15 mg/kg selenium) and supplemented or not with 5% linseed oil, forming the NRC N-3 and HAOX N-3 groups. High intake of n-3 PUFAs increased plasma F2-isoprostane and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Cyclic HS decreased final body weight (BW) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) and increased DNA damage and serum corticosterone (CORT) levels. In addition, the changes in blood biochemistry indicated that the broilers were undergoing respiratory alkalosis. Interactions between n-3 PUFAs and HS were observed in liver MDA levels, plasma γ-tocopherol levels and serum alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity. Antioxidants increased blood levels of α-tocopherol, vitamin C, lipid- and water-soluble antioxidants and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, while decreasing MDA, F2-isoprostane, CORT and AP levels. High intake of n-3 PUFA in combination with cyclic HS had negative effects on the health status of the broilers, which were alleviated by additional antioxidant supplementation.
该研究考察了在两种膳食抗氧化剂水平下，富含n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）的饮食与周期性热应激（HS）的联合作用。总共192只1日龄雄性罗斯308肉鸡被按照2×2×2析因设计分为八组：处于热中性（TN）或热应激状态（从第22天起，每天7小时处于34°C±1°C环境）×饲喂低抗氧化剂饮食（NRC组）或高抗氧化剂饮食（HAOX组；添加200 IU/kg维生素E、250 mg/kg维生素C和0.15 mg/kg硒的混合物），并补充或不补充5%亚麻籽油，形成NRC N-3组和HAOX N-3组。高摄入n-3 PUFAs会增加血浆F2-异前列腺素和丙二醛（MDA）水平以及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性。周期性热应激会降低终末体重（BW）和平均日采食量（ADFI），并增加DNA损伤和血清皮质酮（CORT）水平。此外，血液生化指标的变化表明肉鸡正处于呼吸性碱中毒状态。在肝脏MDA水平、血浆γ-生育酚水平和血清碱性磷酸酶（AP）活性方面观察到n-3 PUFAs与热应激之间存在相互作用。抗氧化剂会提高血液中α-生育酚、维生素C、脂溶性和水溶性抗氧化剂水平以及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）活性，但会降低MDA、F2-异前列腺素、CORT和AP水平。高摄入n-3 PUFA并结合周期性热应激对肉鸡的健康状况有负面影响，额外补充抗氧化剂可缓解这些影响。
