Julià Anna, Jaén Irene, García-Palacios Azucena, Pascual Juan Carlos, Sintes Anna, Lara Anaís, Méndez Iria, Romero Soledad, Puntí Joaquim, Soler Joaquim, Banqué Marta, López-Solà Marina, Solé-Casals Jordi, Vega Daniel
Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari d'Igualada (Consorci Sanitari de l'Anoia) & Fundació Sanitària d'Igualada, Igualada, Barcelona 08700, Spain.
Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Internet Interv. 2025 Apr 5;40:100826. doi: 10.1016/j.invent.2025.100826. eCollection 2025 Jun.
Ecological momentary interventions (EMIs) delivered via smartphone apps have gained attention as a potential tool for addressing self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITB), particularly non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). This systematic review aims to assess the efficacy and feasibility of smartphone-based EMIs in reducing SITB and improving mental health outcomes.
A systematic review was conducted, focusing on smartphone-based EMIs targeting SITB, with particular emphasis on those addressing NSSI. The latest search was made in February 2025.
Sixteen studies featuring smartphone-based EMIs were included. Overall, these studies showed promising evidence for the reduction of SITB. Specifically, several studies reported reductions in NSSI frequency and improvements in emotional regulation among participants. Feasibility and acceptability data showed good results.
Key limitations include small sample sizes, study heterogeneity, lack of follow-up, reliance on self-reports, and absence of standardized tools to distinguish NSSI from other self-injurious behaviors.
Results are promising, while the efficacy of smartphone-based EMIs SITB requires further validation through large-scale and well-designed studies. The integration of digital interventions into broader mental health care strategies offers a potential avenue for addressing the treatment gap in at-risk populations, particularly those with limited access to traditional care.
通过智能手机应用程序进行的生态瞬时干预（EMIs）作为一种应对自我伤害性想法和行为（SITB），特别是非自杀性自伤（NSSI）的潜在工具受到了关注。本系统评价旨在评估基于智能手机的EMIs在减少SITB和改善心理健康结果方面的疗效和可行性。
进行了一项系统评价，重点关注针对SITB的基于智能手机的EMIs，特别强调那些针对NSSI的干预措施。最近一次检索是在2025年2月进行的。
纳入了16项以基于智能手机的EMIs为特色的研究。总体而言，这些研究显示出减少SITB的有力证据。具体而言，几项研究报告了参与者的NSSI频率降低以及情绪调节能力改善。可行性和可接受性数据显示出良好结果。
主要局限性包括样本量小、研究异质性、缺乏随访、依赖自我报告以及缺乏区分NSSI与其他自我伤害行为的标准化工具。
结果很有前景，而基于智能手机的EMIs对SITB的疗效需要通过大规模且设计良好的研究进一步验证。将数字干预措施纳入更广泛的心理健康护理策略为解决高危人群，特别是那些难以获得传统护理的人群的治疗差距提供了一条潜在途径。
