Clemens Kelly S, Matkovic John, Odelson Abby, Strain Audrey, Wesselmann Eric D
Department of Psychology, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, United States.
Department of Health Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, United States.
Front Pain Res (Lausanne). 2025 Apr 24;6:1546526. doi: 10.3389/fpain.2025.1546526. eCollection 2025.
Pain is an unpleasant and unavoidable part of the human experience, but the prevalence and impact of pain disproportionately impacts marginalized groups, including transgender and gender-diverse people. While there are many bases of pain, psychosocial variables, including cognitions (e.g., outcome and interpersonal expectations, social gender norms), affect (e.g., negative affectivity, emotional distress), and social factors (e.g., social exclusion) may be particularly relevant in the pain experiences of transgender individuals. The coalescence of these factors is discussed in this review, where authors specifically consider how these cognitive, affective, and social factors may contribute to pain disparities seen in transgender individuals. Patient-centered communication is presented as a potential avenue to directly mitigate the effect of these psychosocial variables on pain in transgender individuals by reducing feelings of social exclusion transgender patients may experience in the medical office, and the authors call for additional experimental research and the development of educational interventions for providers.
疼痛是人类经历中令人不快且不可避免的一部分，但疼痛的患病率和影响对包括跨性别者和性别多样化人群在内的边缘化群体产生了不成比例的影响。虽然疼痛有多种根源，但心理社会变量，包括认知（如结果和人际期望、社会性别规范）、情感（如消极情感、情绪困扰）和社会因素（如社会排斥），在跨性别个体的疼痛经历中可能尤为相关。本综述讨论了这些因素的结合，作者特别考虑了这些认知、情感和社会因素如何可能导致跨性别个体中出现的疼痛差异。以患者为中心的沟通被视为一种潜在途径，通过减少跨性别患者在医疗机构中可能感受到的社会排斥感，直接减轻这些心理社会变量对跨性别个体疼痛的影响，作者呼吁开展更多实验研究，并为医疗服务提供者开发教育干预措施。
