Ye Rui, Li Guangzhen, Wan Shuai, Xue Xiaotian, Wang Pi-Yu, Qiao Xin, Wang Luojia, Li Hao, Liu Shijie, Wang Jiayu, Ma Rui, Bo Fang, Zheng Yuanlin, Dong Chun-Hua, Yuan Luqi, Chen Xianfeng
Shanghai Jiao Tong University, State Key Laboratory of Photonics and Communications, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai 200240, China.
University of Science and Technology of China, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
Phys Rev Lett. 2025 Apr 25;134(16):163802. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.163802.
Integrated photonics provides an important platform for simulating physical models with high-performance chip-scale devices, where the lattice size and the time dependence of a model are key ingredients for further enriching the functionality of a photonic chip. Here, we propose and demonstrate the construction of various time-varying Hamiltonian models using a single microresonator on thin-film lithium niobate chip. Such an integrated microresonator holds high-quality factor to 10^{6}, and supports the construction of the synthetic frequency lattice with effective lattice sites up to 221 under efficient integrated electro-optic modulation. By further applying different bichromatic modulations composed of two radio-frequency signals oppositely detuned from the resonant frequency in the microresonator, we successfully build various time-varying Hamiltonian models, where the temporal features of the dynamic band structures are captured from experimental measurements, highlighting great flexibility and tunability of this integrated chip. Our work presents a photonic chip for simulating versatile time-varying Hamiltonians, which pushes forward quantum simulations and future photonic applications.
集成光子学为利用高性能芯片级器件模拟物理模型提供了一个重要平台，其中模型的晶格尺寸和时间依赖性是进一步丰富光子芯片功能的关键要素。在此，我们提出并展示了在薄膜铌酸锂芯片上使用单个微谐振器构建各种随时间变化的哈密顿模型。这种集成微谐振器的品质因数高达10^6，并在高效集成电光调制下支持构建有效晶格位点多达221个的合成频率晶格。通过进一步应用由与微谐振器谐振频率反向失谐的两个射频信号组成的不同双色调制，我们成功构建了各种随时间变化的哈密顿模型，其中动态能带结构的时间特征是从实验测量中捕获的，突出了这种集成芯片的高度灵活性和可调谐性。我们的工作展示了一种用于模拟通用随时间变化哈密顿量的光子芯片，推动了量子模拟和未来光子应用的发展。
