Factors affecting the photokilling of cultured Chinese hamster cells by phthalocyanines.

Chloroaluminum phthalocyanine (CAPC) was recently shown to sensitize the inactivation of cultured Chinese hamster cells by visible light. Several factors affecting the photodynamic action of CAPC have been defined in the present study. Thus the photosensitized inactivation of Chinese hamster cells is not affected by superoxide dismutase, suggesting that O-2 radicals are not involved in the process. Postillumination treatments with D2O or heat (42 degrees C, 90 min) enhanced CAPC-induced photosensitivity, indicating the existence of a repair mechanism for photodamage. Preillumination treatments with sodium salicylate and 5-bromodeoxyuridine also enhanced photosensitivity. The later observation suggests that CAPC-induced DNA damage is potentially lethal. However, 3-aminobenzamide, a potent inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis which is involved in repair of DNA strand breakage, had no effect on the photosensitivity. Photosensitized inactivation by CAPC is dependent on the pH value of the medium during irradiation. Thus, in the range of pH values 6-8, the sensitivity was increased at the lower values.