Artika I Made, Arianti Rini, Demény Máté Á, Kristóf Endre
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia.
Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
Front Mol Biosci. 2025 Apr 25;12:1537861. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2025.1537861. eCollection 2025.
Post-transcriptional RNA modifications have recently emerged as critical regulators of gene expression programs. Understanding normal tissue development and disease susceptibility requires knowledge of the various cellular mechanisms which control gene expression in multicellular organisms. Research into how different RNA modifications such as in N6-methyladenosine (mA), inosine (I), 5-methylcytosine (mC), pseudouridine (Ψ), 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (hmC), N1-methyladenosine (mA), N6,2'-O-dimethyladenosine (mAm), 2'-O-methylation (Nm), N7-methylguanosine (mG) etc. affect the expression of genes could be valuable. This review highlights the current understanding of RNA modification, methods used to study RNA modification, types of RNA modification, and molecular mechanisms underlying RNA modification. The role of RNA modification in modulating gene expression in both physiological and diseased states is discussed. The potential applications of RNA modification in therapeutic development are elucidated.
转录后RNA修饰最近已成为基因表达程序的关键调节因子。了解正常组织发育和疾病易感性需要掌握多细胞生物中控制基因表达的各种细胞机制。研究不同的RNA修饰，如N6-甲基腺苷（m⁶A）、肌苷（I）、5-甲基胞嘧啶（m⁵C）、假尿苷（Ψ）、5-羟甲基胞嘧啶（hmC）、N1-甲基腺苷（m¹A）、N6,2'-O-二甲基腺苷（m⁶Am）、2'-O-甲基化（Nm）、N7-甲基鸟苷（m⁷G）等如何影响基因表达可能具有重要价值。本综述重点介绍了目前对RNA修饰的理解、用于研究RNA修饰的方法、RNA修饰的类型以及RNA修饰的分子机制。讨论了RNA修饰在生理和疾病状态下调节基因表达中的作用。阐明了RNA修饰在治疗开发中的潜在应用。
