Sarki Mahesh, Schwegler Urban, Austin-Cliff George, Aparicio Mayra Galvis, Reuse Christine, Brinkhof Martin W G
Swiss Paraplegic Research, Nottwil, Switzerland.
Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland.
Front Rehabil Sci. 2025 Apr 25;6:1572158. doi: 10.3389/fresc.2025.1572158. eCollection 2025.
The disability employment gap (DEG) is instrumental in monitoring social progress and employment inequalities. This study evaluated the DEG and its determinants among people with spinal cord injury (SCI) in Switzerland.
Employment data from three consecutive population-based surveys were analyzed and compared with the general Swiss population, matched according to sex, age, year, and region of residence. Mixed-effects Poisson regression modelling was applied to evaluate the determinants of labor market participation (LMP) and derive marginal predictions for the DEG.
DEGs decreased over calendar time, with individuals with complete tetraplegia exhibiting the most substantial reduction (2012: -37%, 2022: -25%); however, their probability of LMP in 2022 remained 25% lower than those with incomplete paraplegia. The DEG marginally increased among those with the fewest years of education (0-9) (2012: -48.1%, 2022: -49.2%). Regional disparities were also observed.
Our findings indicate improved LMP opportunities in the Swiss SCI population, but also highlight the need to promote access to quality employment opportunities, vocational education, and training programs for severely injured individuals with low education. Additionally, efforts should be made to ensure equal LMP prospects across Switzerland.
残疾就业差距（DEG）有助于监测社会进步和就业不平等情况。本研究评估了瑞士脊髓损伤（SCI）患者中的残疾就业差距及其决定因素。
分析了来自三项连续的基于人群的调查的就业数据，并与按性别、年龄、年份和居住地区匹配的瑞士普通人群进行比较。应用混合效应泊松回归模型来评估劳动力市场参与（LMP）的决定因素，并得出残疾就业差距的边际预测值。
残疾就业差距随时间推移而缩小，完全性四肢瘫患者的降幅最大（2012年：-37%，2022年：-25%）；然而，2022年他们的劳动力市场参与概率仍比不完全性截瘫患者低25%。受教育年限最少（0-9年）的人群中，残疾就业差距略有增加（2012年：-48.1%，2022年：-49.2%）。还观察到了地区差异。
我们的研究结果表明瑞士脊髓损伤人群的劳动力市场参与机会有所改善，但也凸显了有必要为受教育程度低的重伤患者提供优质就业机会、职业教育和培训项目。此外，应努力确保瑞士各地劳动力市场参与前景平等。
