University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Groningen, The Netherlands; Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University and Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Chengdu, China; Swiss Paraplegic Research, Nottwil, Switzerland; Department of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2020 Dec;101(12):2157-2166. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2020.05.027. Epub 2020 Jul 13.
To describe the employment situation of individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) in 22 countries participating in the International Spinal Cord Injury community survey, to compare observed and predicted employment rates, to estimate gaps in employment rates among people with SCI compared with the general population, and to study differences in employment between men and women.
Cross-sectional survey.
Community.
People of employable age (N=9875; 18-64 y) with traumatic or non-traumatic SCI (including cauda equina syndrome) who were at least 18 years of age at the time of the survey, living in the community, and able to respond to one of the available language versions of the questionnaire.
Not applicable MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The observed employment rate was defined as performing paid work for at least 1 hour a week, and predicted employment rate was adjusted for sample composition from mixed logistic regression analysis.
A total of 9875 participants were included (165-1174 per country). Considerable differences in sample composition were found. The observed worldwide employment rate was 38%. A wide variation was found across countries, ranging from 10.3% to 61.4%. Some countries showed substantially higher or lower employment rates than predicted based on the composition of their sample. Gaps between the observed employment rates among participants with SCI and the general population ranged from 14.8% to 54.8%. On average, employment rates were slightly higher among men compared with women, but with large variation across countries. Employment gaps, however, were smaller among women for most countries.
This first worldwide survey among people with SCI shows an average employment rate of 38%. Differences between observed and predicted employment rates across countries point at country-specific factors that warrant further investigation. Gaps with employment rates in the general population were considerable and call for actions for more inclusive labor market policies in most of the countries investigated.
描述参与国际脊髓损伤社区调查的 22 个国家中脊髓损伤（SCI）个体的就业情况，比较观察到的和预测的就业率，估计 SCI 人群与普通人群的就业率差距，并研究男女之间的就业差异。
横断面调查。
社区。
年龄在就业年龄段（N=9875；18-64 岁）的、有创伤性或非创伤性 SCI（包括马尾综合征）的人群，在调查时至少 18 岁，居住在社区中，并且能够对可用的问卷语言版本之一做出回应。
不适用
观察到的就业率定义为每周至少工作 1 小时，预测就业率通过混合逻辑回归分析调整样本构成。
共纳入 9875 名参与者（每个国家 165-1174 名）。发现样本构成存在显著差异。全球观察到的就业率为 38%。各国之间存在广泛的差异，范围从 10.3%到 61.4%。一些国家的就业率明显高于或低于根据样本构成预测的就业率。参与者中的 SCI 与普通人群之间的观察到的就业率差距范围从 14.8%到 54.8%。平均而言，男性的就业率略高于女性，但各国之间存在很大差异。然而，对于大多数国家，女性的就业差距较小。
这是首次对 SCI 人群进行的全球调查，显示平均就业率为 38%。各国之间观察到的和预测的就业率之间的差异表明存在特定于国家的因素，需要进一步调查。与普通人群的就业率差距很大，这需要在大多数调查国家采取更具包容性的劳动力市场政策。
